Studied by 47 peopleGenetics
The study of genes and heredity
Heredity
The passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring.
Homozygous recesive
The genotype of an organism with two recessive alleles
Homozygous dominant
The genotype of an organism with two dominant alleles
Heterozygous
The genotype of an organism with two different alleles
Allele
The alternative form or versions of a gene
Gene
The basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child
Fertilization
A process when egg and sperm join.
Phenotype
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
Genotype
The organism genetic makeup
Punnet Square
Tool that helps to identift allelic combination
75%
The probability of 3 out of 4 outcomes
50%
The probability of 2 out of 4 outcomes
25%
The probability of 1 out of 4 outcomes
100%
The probability of 4 out of 4 outcomes
0%
The probability of 0 out of 4 outcomes
Hybrid
The same as Heterozygous
Purebred
The same as Homozygous
Dominant allele
An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when it is present.
Recesive allele
Allele that is often hidden or overshadowed by dominant allele
Gregor Mendel
Known as the father of modern genetics, he discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance
Interphase
The first main stage of the cell cycle
Interphase events
The period before cell division that cells grow, copy their DNA and prepare to divide into two cells
Mitosis
The second main stage of the cell cycle
Prophase
Stage of mitosis that condensates nuclear genetic material
Anaphase
Stage of mitosis that chromosomes break up and sister chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell
Metaphase
Stage of mitosis that the chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate
Telophase
Stage of mitosis that the chromosomes are at the ends of the cells and new nuclei are forming
Note
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