Humanities Unit 3

Darwinism

Theory that species evolve through natural selection.

Social Darwinism

Idea that stronger people succeed while weaker people fail in society.

Bourgeoisie

Middle and upper class with wealth and power.

Proletariat

Working class with little power.

Influence of Photography on Art

Artists focused less on realism and more on composition and new styles.

Timothy O'Sullivan - Showed the reality of war through photography - Harvest of Death

Realism

Begins 1850 - Art focused on everyday life and ordinary people.

Realist Art

Art that shows life as it really is.

Gustave Courbet - Realism - Oil

Gustave Courbet - Realism - Oil

Jean-François Millet - Realism - Oil

Honoré Daumier - Realism - Lithograph

Eadweard Muybridge - Realism - Photographic Print

Representational Art

Art that shows real, recognizable subjects.

Abstract Art

Art that changes or simplifies real subjects.

Non-objective Art

Art with no real subject.

Avant-garde

New and experimental art.

Impressionism

Focus on light, color, and quick moments.

Plein air

Painting outdoors.

Local color

The natural color of something.

Édouard Manet - Impressionism - Oil

Édouard Manet - Impressionism - Oil

Claude Monet - Impressionism - Oil

Camille Pissarro - Impressionism - Oil

Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Impressionism - Oil

Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Impressionism - Oil

Edgar Degas - Impressionism - Oil

Mary Cassatt - Impressionism - Oil

James Whistler - Impressionism - Oil

Post-Impressionism

More emotional or structured than Impressionism.

Hue

a particular shade of a given color

Saturation

Brightness or intensity of a color.

Simultaneous contrast

Colors affect how nearby colors look.

Successive contrast

Seeing colors after looking away.

Pointillism

Using dots of color to make an image.

Vincent van Gogh - Post Impressionism - Oil

Vincent van Gogh - Post Impressionism - Oil

Georges Seurat - Post Impressionism - Oil

Paul Cézanne - Post Impressionism - Oil

Paul Gauguin - Post Impressionism - Oil

Modernist Music

Music focused on new sounds, rhythm, and expression instead of tradition.

Atonal

Music with no clear key or tonal center.

Polytonal

Music that uses two or more keys at the same time.

Stravinsky - Modernist Music

Composer known for rhythm and innovative music.

Schoenberg - Modernist Music

Composer who developed atonal music.

Expressionism: Fauvism

Art that shows emotion through distortion and color.

Henri Matisse - Fauvism - Oil

Cubism

Breaks objects into geometric shapes.

Pablo Picasso - Cubism - Oil

Georges Braque - Cubism - Oil

Jacques Lipchitz - Cubism

Futurism

Focus on speed, motion, and technology.

Giacomo Balla - Futurism

Umberto Boccioni - Futurism - Bronze

Modernist Poetry

Concise wording and images, breaking with traditional forms

Juxtaposition

Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts

Imagism

A literary movement that uses clear, precise images and simple language.

Dada

Art based on randomness and rejecting tradition.

Jean Arp - Dada - Paper

Jean Arp - Dada - Paper

Marcel Duchamp - Dada - Porcelain

Aaron Douglas - Harlem Renaissance - Oil

Jacob Lawrence - Harlem Renaissance - Tempera

Surrealism and Freud

Focus on dreams and the subconscious.

Automatism

Creating without thinking.

Sigmund Freud - Id

Basic instincts.

Sigmund Freud - Ego

Logical thinking part of mind.

Sigmund Freud - Superego

Moral conscience.

Salvador Dalí - Surrealism - Oil

René Magritte - Surrealism - Oil

Abstract Expressionism

Emotional, non-realistic art.

Jackson Pollock - Abstract Expressionism - Oil

Willem de Kooning - Abstract Expressionism

Mark Rothko - Abstract Expressionism - Oil

Neo-Dada

Mixed media and everyday objects in art.

Encaustic

A painting technique in which pigment is mixed with wax and applied to the surface while hot.

Robert Rauschenberg - Neo Dada - Combine painting

Jasper Johns - Neo Dada - Encaustic

Pop Art

Inspired by popular culture and media.

Andy Warhol - Pop Art

Roy Lichtenstein - Pop Art - Oil

Still learning (81)

You've started learning these terms. Keep it up!