Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions

Vocabulary flashcards covering essential terms and definitions related to chemical quantities and aqueous reactions.

Stoichiometry

The study of the numerical relationship between chemical quantities in a chemical reaction.

Limiting Reactant

The reactant that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction, limiting the amount of product formed.

Theoretical Yield

The amount of product that can be produced from the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction.

Molarity

The concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Electrolyte

A substance that dissolves in water to form a solution that conducts electricity.

Acid-Base Reaction

A reaction in which an acid and a base neutralize each other, producing water and sometimes a salt.

Precipitation Reaction

A reaction that occurs when two solutions are combined and form a solid product called a precipitate.

Dissociation

The process by which ionic compounds separate into their individual ions when dissolved in water.

Complete Ionic Equation

An equation that shows all of the ionic species present in a reaction.

Net Ionic Equation

An equation that shows only the ions that participate in the chemical reaction, omitting spectator ions.

Percent Yield

The ratio of the actual yield of a product to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage.

Solubility Rules

Guidelines used to determine the solubility of ionic compounds in water.

Concentration

A quantitative measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a given quantity of solvent or solution.

Homogeneous Mixture

A mixture that has a uniform composition and appearance throughout.

Gas-Evolution Reaction

A reaction that produces a gas as one of its products, resulting in bubbling.

Combustion Reaction

A high-energy reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light.

Oxidizing Agent

A reactant that oxidizes another reactant by accepting electrons and is reduced.

Reducing Agent

A reactant that reduces another reactant by donating electrons and is oxidized.

Ionization

The process by which an atom or molecule gains or loses electrons, forming ions.

Unsaturated Solution

A solution that contains less solute than can be dissolved at a given temperature.