Materials: Paper, Timber, Metals, Polymers, and Textiles

Vocabulary flashcards covering the properties, classifications, and applications of papers, timbers, metals, polymers, and textiles based on the lecture notes.

Normal paper

A smooth material, usually white, that is $80\,gsm$ and possesses great writing and printing properties.

GSM

The unit of measurement for paper and board weight/density.

Card

A paper-based material that starts at $220\,gsm$.

Microns

The unit of measurement used for thick boards.

Carton board

A material used for cereal boxes that is printed on one side and non-bleached on the other.

Duplex board

An expensive material, sometimes featuring a coating, used for food and medical products.

FSC or Pefc

Managed forests that provide sustainable cellulose for paper production and timber.

Inkjet and photographic paper

Papers with a special coating, sometimes glossy, that helps ink sit on the surface.

Softwoods

Timbers obtained from coniferous trees which have spikey or needle-like leaves, such as pine.

Hardwoods

Timbers obtained from deciduous trees with broad, flat leaves, including oak and beech.

Ash or Hickory

Specific timbers known for being hard, tough, elastic, and shock absorbent.

Plywood

A man-made board constructed with odd layers at $90$ degrees to one another.

Strength

The amount of load or compression a material can withstand.

Toughness

The absorption of energy through shock before a material splits.

Elasticity

The property defining whether a material will return to its original shape after being compressed.

Hardness

A measure of how resistant a surface is to scratches, knocks, and abrasion.

Alloys

A mix of at least one element and a metal designed to improve the working properties of the material.

Non-ferrous

Metals that do not contain iron, such as copper, tin, and aluminium.

Ferrous

Metals that contain iron and carbon, such as all steels.

Bauxite

The ore from which aluminium is extracted using electrolysis.

Pvc

A thermo forming polymer used for pipes and guttering that is flexible, alkali resistant, and acid resistant.

Urea formaldehyde

A thermo setting polymer used for plugs and electrical sockets because it is a great electrical insulator and will not melt.

Thermo forming polymers

Polymers such as Acrylic, Polyethylene, and Polypropylene that can be reheated and reformed many times.

Poly cotton

A textile material created by blending cotton and polyester.

Calico

A textile with a tight weave that is identical on both sides.