Pulsed Echo Instrumentation

Flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to Pulsed Echo Instrumentation in ultrasound technology.

Ultrasound System Functions

The two main functions are Transmission (preparation of electrical signals to create a sound beam) and Reception (processing electrical signals into images and sounds).

Transducer

Device that converts electrical energy into acoustic energy and vice versa.

Pulser

Controls electrical signals sent to transducer; determines amplitude, pulse repetition frequency (PRF), and pulse repetition period (PRP).

Receiver

Transforms electrical signals from the transducer into a format suitable for display.

Display

Presents processed ultrasound data for interpretation, including monitor and audio outputs.

Storage in Ultrasound

Permanent storage methods for ultrasound data include computer memory, hard drives, PACS, and USB drives.

Apodization Technique

A method that changes the strength of pulses from transducer elements to reduce side lobe artifacts.

PRP (Pulse Repetition Period)

The time between one voltage spike and the next; it determines imaging depth.

Beam Former

Adjusts electrical spike voltages and distributes delay patterns for array transducers.

Noise in Ultrasound Imaging

Refers to signal-to-noise ratio affecting image quality; high ratio indicates high quality image.

Receiver Functions

Includes amplification, compensation, compression, demodulation, and rejection of signals.

Compensation (TGC)

Technique used to create uniform brightness in images by adjusting gain based on depth.

Dynamic Range

Range of signals visible in ultrasound; relates to compression of signals for better shade visibility.

Demodulation

Process of changing an ultrasound signal's form to make it suitable for display.

Reject Function

Eliminates low-level noise while preserving bright echoes; adjustable by sonographer.

Output Power vs. Receiver Gain

Output power affects image brightness; receiver gain adjusts overall signal strength.