Future energy outlook

what does the energy trilemma involve?

energy security

energy equity/ affordability

environmental sustainability

They highlight the interconnected challenges faced by the energy policymakers

what does energy security entail?

a nations capacity to meet current and future energy demand reliably, withstand and bounce back swiftly from system shocks with minimal distruption to supplies

what does energy equity entail?

assess a countrys ability to provide universal access to affordable fairly prices and abundant energy for domestic and commercial use

what does environmental sustainability entail?

• represents the transition of a countrys energy system towards mitigating and avoiding potential environmental harm and climate change impacts

what is the difference between renewable energy sources, products and resources?

sources = derived from primary energy i.e sun, wind, biomass

products = electricity, heat, biofuel

resources = cumalative quantities of extractable renewable energy products from the renewable energy source

what does LCOE stand for and what does it measure?

it stands for levelized cost of energy and it measures the LIFETIME costs divided by the energy produced

what are the two types of solar mechanism?

solar pv and concentrated solar power

what types of cells can be involved in solar?

• silicon solar cells - made from silicon

• thin film solar cells - they are made from very thin layers of semiconductor material meter

• iii v solar cells - made from elements in group lll

• next generation solar cells - made from organic materials

what does CCS and CDR stand for ?

CCC stands for carbon capture storage

CDR stands for carbon dioxide removal

what is CCS?

• the separation of co2 from industrial emissions coupled with the pemanent geological storage of that carbon

What does CDR do?

• refers to the anthropogenic removing co2 from the atmosphere and durably storing it in geological, terrestrial or ocean resevoirs or in products

• this leads to negative emissions

• examples include tree planting like afforestation and ocean fertilisation