Intro to AP World History - Unit 2

What civilization is credited with developing the first civilization in world history?

The Sumerians

What major rivers shaped the environment of ancient Mesopotamia?

The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

What innovation did the Sumerians create around 3000 BCE for stronger tools and weapons?

Bronze from copper and tin

What is cuneiform?

The first formal writing system developed by the Sumerians.

What was the purpose of Hammurabi's Code?

To provide rights and maintain order by specifying punishments for crimes.

Who was the ruler of the Akkadian Empire that conquered Sumer in 2334 BCE?

Sargon

What architectural structures did the Sumerians build for religious and governmental purposes?

Ziggurats

What was the main achievement of the ancient Egyptians regarding agriculture?

They relied on predictable flooding of the Nile for agriculture.

What was the significance of the Rosetta Stone?

It allowed for the deciphering of Egyptian hieroglyphics.

Who is known for leading the Exodus, freeing the Hebrew slaves from Egypt?

Moses

What agricultural technology did ancient Egyptians excel in?

Irrigation systems to control water supply.

What influence did the geographical barriers have on China’s early civilization?

They limited contact with outside civilizations.

What two dynasties are among the earliest recognized in Chinese history?

The Xia dynasty and the Shang dynasty.

What tragedy led to the dispersal of the Jewish people known as the Diaspora?

The Babylonian captivity and destruction of Jerusalem.

What was the official title of the rulers in ancient Egypt?

Pharaohs, who were considered both kings and gods.

What was the primary characteristic of the social hierarchy in Sumerian society?

A complex class structure defined by specialization of labor.

What are monsoons in the context of the Indus River Valley civilization?

Seasonal winds that brought heavy rains and influenced agriculture.