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[Biologie] Zelle
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12 Terms
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1
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Was sind die Unterscheide zwischen tierischen und pflanzlichen Zellen?
1. tierisch = dünne, elastische Zellmembran, pflanzliche = feste Zellwand
2. pflanzliche besitzen Chloroplasten für Fotosynthese
3. pflanzliche besitzen Vakuole als Speicher für Abfallprodukte
2
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Wie viele Chromosomen hat ein Mensch?
46 Chromosomen
23 Chromosomenpaare
92 Chromatiden
3
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Worin unterscheidet sich der 23. Chromosomenpaar?
23. Chromosomenpaar = Geschlechtschromosom
männlich = X- und Y-Chromosom
weiblich = zwei X-Chromosome
4
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Worin unterscheidet sich die Mitose zur Meiose?
Meiose Anaphase I = Chromosome anstatt Chromatide werden geteilt
Meiose =4 Zellen (jeweils haploid)
Mitose = 2 Zellen (jeweils diploid)
5
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Was ist Diffusion?
Konzentrationsgefälle wird durch ständige Bewegung der Teilchen ausgeglichen
6
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Was ist Osmose?
einseitig gerichtete Diffusion durch semipermeable Membran, Flüssigkeit diffundiert in Richtung der höheren Konzentration
7
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Symport
Transport von zwei Substanzen in gleiche Richtung
8
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Antiport
Transport von zwei Substanzen in entgegengesetzte Richtungen
9
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Uniport
Transport einer einzelnen Substanz
10
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Aufbau DNA
spiralisiert --> Doppelhelix
als lange DNA-Fäden in Chromosomen angeordnet
11
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Aufbau Biomembran
Doppellipidshicht --> aus Phospholipiden
Phosphatkopf = hydrophil, Fettsäureschwänze = hydrophob
12
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Cotransport
gekoppelter Transport zweier Stoffe (Symport o. Antiport)
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