2.4 europe's wars of religion

first event in french wars of relgiion

massacre of vassy

war of three henrys

henry iii

henry of guise

henry of navarre

→ henry of navarre wins

other name for henry of navarre

henry iv

edict of nantes

establishes france as catholic state

freedom of religion

phillip ii

habsburg king of spain

tried to rid netherlands and england of calvinism

dutch revolt

revolt against spanish in netherlands

led by william of orange

→ independence from spain

william of orange

led dutch revolt against spanish for dutch independence

who started the 30 yrs war

ferdinand of bohemia and his anti protestant ideals

also the rise in calvinism in the hre

phases of 30 yrs war

bavarian

danish

swedish

french

bavarian

catholics regain control and install catholicsm in many parts of europe

danish phase

danish join in to protect anti catholic and anti hapsburg ideas

swedish phase

protestant w with help from finaldn and financial aid from france

french phase

france joins as protestant despite being a catholic state

why does french join as protestant and why does this matter

to weaken habsburgs

shows priorities of politics over religion

treaty of westphalia

1. marks end of religious wars

2. amended peace of augsburg to include calvinism

3. marked end of medieval christendom

4. kept hre weak with individual states strong

5. → hastened decline of hre