APUSH PERIOD 6 (1865-1898) VOCAB

Reconstruction

The period after the Civil War when the United States tried to rebuild the South and define rights for formerly enslaved people.

13th Amendment

The 1865 amendment to the United States Constitution that abolished slavery in the United States.

14th amendment

A 1868 amendment to the United States Constitution that granted citizenship to all people born in the U.S. and guaranteed equal protection under the law

15th Amendment

A 1870 amendment to the United States Constitution that gave Black men the right to vote and banned denying voting rights based on race.

Freedmen’s Bureau

A U.S. government agency created after the Civil War to help formerly enslaved people in the South with food, housing, education, and jobs

Black codes

Laws passed in Southern states after the Civil War that restricted the freedom and rights of African Americans in the United States.

Jim Crow Laws

State and local laws in the United States that enforced racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans after Reconstruction

Sharecropping

A system where poor farmers, often formerly enslaved people, worked land owned by others in exchange for a share of the crops instead of pay.

Ku Klux Klan kkk

A white supremacist group formed after the Civil War that used violence and intimidation to oppress African Americans in the United States

Compromise of 1877

An agreement that ended Reconstruction by giving Rutherford B. Hayes the presidency in exchange for withdrawing federal troops from the South.

Gilded Age

A period in U.S. history (late 1800s) marked by rapid economic growth and industrialization in the United States, but also corruption and inequality.

Transcontinental

Something that crosses an entire continent, especially the railroad that connected the eastern and western United States.

Robber Barons

A nickname for powerful industrialists in the United States who became extremely rich through unfair or exploitative business practices during the Gilded Age.

Captain of industry

positive name for wealthy industrial leaders in the United States who built big businesses and helped grow the economy during the Gilded Age.

Monopoly

A situation in the economy where one company controls an entire industry and has no competition

Trust

Group of companies controlled by one board to reduce competition

Horizontal integration

Controlling one type of business at many locations

Vertical integration

When a company controls every step of production, from raw materials to finished product to sales.

Labor union

An organization of workers that joins together to demand better wages, hours, and working conditions

American federation of labor.

national labor union in the United States that focused on improving wages, hours, and working conditions for skilled workers.

Great Railroad Strike of 1877

A nationwide strike by railroad workers in the United States protesting wage cuts that led to violent clashes and government intervention.

Haymarket affair

A 1886 labor protest in Chicago that turned violent when a bomb was thrown, increasing fear of labor unions.

Homestead strike

A 1892 labor conflict at a steel plant in Homestead, Pennsylvania between workers and management over wages and working conditions.

Populist Party

A political party in the late 1800s in the United States that supported farmers and workers against big businesses and banks.

Free Silver Movement

A late 1800s movement in the United States that wanted to allow unlimited coinage of silver to increase the money supply and help farmers.