DH228 Module 9 Quiz #4 - Flashcards on Endocrine Disorders and Hematology

Which statement is true of periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia?

a.It is a neoplasm.

b.The lesion is painful and occurs most often in the posterior maxilla.

c.Teeth in the area are usually not vital.

d.Older lesions are primarily radiopaque.

d.Older lesions are primarily radiopaque.

Fibrous dysplasia is characterized by

a.necrosis and sloughing of bony sequestra.

b.replacement of bone with normal fibrous connective tissue with no calcification.

c.replacement of bone with abnormal connective tissue with no calcification.

d.replacement of bone with abnormal connective tissue with varying amounts of calcification.

d.replacement of bone with abnormal connective tissue with varying amounts of calcification.

Paget disease of bone

a.typically occurs in children under the age of 18.

b.is painless.

c.may reveal a "cotton-wool" appearance on radiographs.

d.results in shrinkage of affected bone.

c.may reveal a "cotton-wool" appearance on radiographs.

Which statement is true of osteomalacia?

a.It is the result of a deficiency in phosphate.

b.In adults it may be related to various problems such as malabsorption syndrome.

c.It may be treated by the use of antacids.

d.Accelerated tooth eruption is associated with osteomalacia.

b.In adults it may be related to various problems such as malabsorption syndrome.

Light brown skin macules associated with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia are termed

a.Koplik spots.

b.café au lait spots.

c.brown tumors.

d.gritty tissue.

b.café au lait spots.

This 74-year-old patient presents with an enlargement of the maxilla, pain, and a chief complaint that his dentures no longer fit. Radiographic examination reveals a patchy radiolucency and radiopacity that resembles cotton wool. These findings are indicative of what disease of bone?

a.Osteomalacia

b.Paget disease of bone

c.Fibrous dysplasia

d.Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia

b.Paget disease of bone

Giant cell granulomas located in the gingiva or alveolar mucosa are referred to as central. Giant cell granulomas located within the maxilla or mandible are referred to as peripheral.

a.Both statements are true.

b.Both statements are false.

c.The first statement is true; the second is false.

d.The first statement is false; the second is true.

b.Both statements are false.

"Ground glass" is the classic radiographic description of _________________.

a.Osteomalacia

b.Paget disease of bone

c.Fibrous dysplasia

d.Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia

c.Fibrous dysplasia

Café au lait spots appear on the skin as which color(s)?

a.Reddish pink

b.Light brown

c.Yellow white

d.Black

b.Light brown

The painless jaw swelling seen in monostotic fibrous dysplasia may cause all symptoms except one. Which is the exception?

a.Tooth mobility

b.Malocclusion

c.Displacement of adjacent teeth

d.Tipping of teeth

a.Tooth mobility

The serum alkaline phosphatase level is significantly elevated in persons with active Paget disease. This is detected through which diagnostic process?

a.Historical

b.Laboratory

c.Therapeutic

d.Differential

b.Laboratory

What is a common feature of the central giant cell granuloma?

a.Heat and cold sensitivity

b.Fast-growing lesion

c.High recurrence rate

d.Divergence of roots of teeth adjacent to the lesion

d.Divergence of roots of teeth adjacent to the lesion

Excess production by the anterior pituitary gland is termed

a.hyperparathyroidism.

b.hyperthyroidism.

c.hyperpituitarism.

d.hyperglycemia.

c.hyperpituitarism.

Which clinical feature is associated with hyperthyroidism?

a.Gigantism

b.Exophthalmos

c.Myxedema

d.Hypercalcemia

b.Exophthalmos

The most common cause of death among patients with diabetes is

a.stroke.

b.gangrene.

c.heart attack.

d.kidney failure.

c.heart attack.

A megaloblastic anemia is characterized by red blood cells that are

a.hypochromic and macrocytic.

b.hyperchromic and macrocytic.

c.microcytic and have nuclei.

d.macrocytic and have nuclei.

d.macrocytic and have nuclei.

Thalassemia is

a.caused by an abnormal type of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

b.a disorder of hemoglobin synthesis.

c.caused by a severe depression of bone marrow activity.

d.caused by an increase in the number of circulating red blood cells.

b.a disorder of hemoglobin synthesis.

A "salt and pepper" effect may be noted on intraoral radiographic images of a patient with which type of anemia?

a.Sickle cell anemia

b.Aplastic anemia

c.Thalassemia

d.Pernicious anemia

c.Thalassemia

A "hair-on-end" pattern may be noted on skull radiographic images of a patient with

a.polycythemia.

b.aplastic anemia.

c.sickle cell anemia.

d.thalassemia.

c.sickle cell anemia.

Which statement concerning polycythemia vera is true?

a.It may be caused by living at high altitudes or by an elevation in carbon monoxide.

b.Causes include use of diuretics, vomiting, diarrhea, and excessive sweating.

c.It occurs primarily in children.

d.The cause is unknown.

d.The cause is unknown.

Which statement is true concerning acute lymphoblastic leukemia versus acute myeloblastic leukemia?

a.Acute lymphoblastic leukemia primarily affects children and young adults and has a poor prognosis.

b.Acute myeloblastic leukemia primarily affects children and young adults and has a poor prognosis.

c.Acute lymphoblastic leukemia primarily affects children and young adults and has a good prognosis.

d.Acute myeloblastic leukemia primarily affects children and young adults and has a good prognosis.

c.Acute lymphoblastic leukemia primarily affects children and young adults and has a good prognosis.

The International Normalized Ratio (INR) is an expression of the ratio of prothrombin time to

a.fibrinogen.

b.thromboplastin activity.

c.proaccelerin.

d.proconvertin.

b.thromboplastin activity.

Which drug may be taken during the course of radiation treatment to reduce the severity of radiation-induced xerostomia?

a.Prednisone

b.Pilocarpine hydrochloride

c.Aspirin

d.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

b.Pilocarpine hydrochloride

A malignant neoplasm of the hematopoietic stem cells and characterized by an excessive number of abnormal white blood cells is termed

a.leukemia.

b.hemophilia.

c.thrombocytopenic purpura.

d.DiGeorge syndrome.

a.leukemia.

Elevated blood levels of calcium, low levels of blood phosphorus, and abnormal bone metabolism are characteristic of which endocrine disorder?

a.Hyperpituitarism

b.Hyperthyroidism

c.Hypothyroidism

d.Hyperparathyroidism

d.Hyperparathyroidism