HOSA Pathophysiology Disease Process and Terminology

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering basic pathophysiology terminology, common pathogens, various types of cancer, and diagnostic tests, as detailed in the HOSA study notes.

homeostasis

stability of the body

aysmptomatic

showing no symptoms of disease

pathogenesis

development of disease

acute

abrupt onset of more or less severe symptoms that run a brief course (usual ly less than $6$ months) then resolves or results in death

chronic

lasts longer than $6$ months

predisposing factors (risk fac- tors)

makes a person or group more vulnerable to disease (age, gender, lifestyle, environment, heredity)

acute inflammation

normal protective response to injury/disease, accompanied with redness, heat, swel ling, pain, and loss of function

widespread inflammation

marked by fever, malaise, and loss of appetite

necrosis

death of tissue

E. coli

colon, manure; causes enteritis infection

Staph aureus

skin, hair, anterior nares,causes wound infection, pneumonia, food poisoning, cel lultis

Strep group A

oropharynx, skin, perineal area; causes strep throat, rhue- matic fever,scarlet fever, impetigo

strep group b

genitalia causes; urinary tract infection, wound infection, en- dometritis

mycobacterium

lungs, cause tuberculosis

Neisseria gonorrhoae

genitourinary tract, rectum,mouth, eye; causes gonorrhea, pelvic inflammation, infectious arthritis, conjunctivitis

Ricketsia rickettsii

wood tick, rocky mtn. spotted fever

Staph epidermidis

skin; wound infection, bacteremia

Hepatitis A virus

infectious hepatits

Hepatitis B

serum hepatits

Hepatitis C

liver disease

Herpes simplex

cold sores; meingitis

HIV

Aids

hantavirus

URI infection LRI infection, ARDS

West Nile virus

virus that causes fever and il lness -- can cause encephalitis or meningitis or death --bites of mosquitos

Aspergillus

aspergil losis; found in soil and dust

Candida albicans

causes thrush and dermatitis; found in mouth skin colon, genital tract

Plasmodium

found on mosquito which can cause malaria

carcinoma

cancer of epithelial cel ls

sarcoma

cancer of bone/muscle

lymphoma

cancer of immune system

melanoma

cancer of melanin-producing cel ls

Metastases

secondary tumors

immunosenescence

gradual deterioration of immune system function

Hgb

measurement of hemoglobin

Hematocrit

percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cel ls

Glycohemoglobin

hemoglobin with attached glucose

ESR

rate at which rbc fal l out of whole blood to the bottom of the test tube

GTT

fasting blood glucose levels

C reactive protein

Measures inflammation (CHD causes inflammation)

Electrocardiogram(ECG/EKG)

record of the electrical activity of the myocardium

echocardiogram

ultrasound exam of the cardiac strucutre

MRI

uses a magnetic field to visualize internal structurs

CT

radiographic using a scanner system

nociceptors

pain receptors