Lower Limb I: Hip & Gluteal Region

what ligament forms the greater sciatic foramen?

sacrospinous ligament (spans between sacrum and ischial spine)

what forms the lesser sciatic notch?

sacrotuberous ligament (spans between sacrum and ischial tuberosity)

structures that pass the greater sciatic foramen are coming from where and going where?

from abdomen into gluteal region

structures that pass the lesser sciatic foramen are coming from where and going where?

from abdomen into perineum

structures from the abdomen that pass between the superior pubic ramus and the inguinal ligament goes where?

anterior compartment of the thigh

what does a broken hip refer to?

a fracture in the neck of the femur between the head and the greater trochanter

principle extensor of the thigh

gluteus maximus

gluteus maximus: origin and insertion

originates from ilium, sacrum, and sacrotuberous ligament; inserts on IT tract and posterior femur

gluteus medius muscle: origin and insertion

originates from external surface of ilium; inserts on the greater trochanter of femur

what muscle is the main ABductor of the hip and stabilizer of the pelvis?

gluteus medius muscle

what muscle is often the site of intramuscular injections?

gluteus medius muscle

when a patient lifts their right foot off the ground, their right hip drops. what does this indicate?

damage to the left superior gluteal nerv

what muscle originates from the greater sciatic foramen and inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur?

piriformis muscle

this muscle enters the gluteal region via the lesser sciatic foramen and inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur

obturator internus muscle

these two small muscles take origin from the margins of the lesser sciatic foramen and insert on the tendon of the obturator internus muscle

superior and inferior gemellus muscle

this muscle spans the hip joint from the ischial tuberosity to the intertrochanteric crest of the femur

quadratus femoris muscle

what are the actions of the following muscles: piriformis, obtrurator internus, gemellus, quadratus femoris

lateral rotation (and stabilize the head of the femur in acetabulum)

the sciatic nerve is really 2 nerves. what nerves?

tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

the muscles of the posterior thigh, leg, and foot are innervated by what main nerve?

sciatic nerve

ITB snaps over the greater trochanter. what condition occurs:

• trochanteric bursitis

• iliotibial band syndrome

• piriformis syndrome

trochanteric bursitis

inflammation of the ITB as it slides over the lateral epicondyle. what condition occurs:

• trochanteric bursitis

• iliotibial band syndrome

• piriformis syndrome

iliotibial band syndrome

piriformis muscle presses on the sciatic nerve. what condition occurs:

• trochanteric bursitis

• iliotibial band syndrome

• piriformis syndrome

symptoms are felt where?

piriformis syndrome; symptoms are felt in the buttocks and down the back of the leg

this ligament is found on the anterior part of the hip joint

iliofemoral ligament

this hip ligament prevents overextension and helps maintain erect posture by resisting the hip extension caused by bearing weight:

• iliofemoral ligament

• ischiofemoral ligament

• pubofemoral ligament

iliofemoral ligament

this hip ligament limits extension

• iliofemoral ligament

• ischiofemoral ligament

• pubofemoral ligament

ischiofemoral ligament

this hip ligament prevents excessive abduction

• iliofemoral ligament

• ischiofemoral ligament

• pubofemoral ligament

pubofemoral ligament

what artery supplies majority of the head of the femur?

branches of the deep femoral artery

what condition can occur when the neck of the femur is fractured?

• aseptic necrosis

• osteoarthritis

• trochanteric bursitis

• Trendelenburg sign

aseptic necrosis