useful microbes

What is a microorganism?

A tiny living organism.

Are bacteria larger or smaller than an animal cell?

Smaller

Bacterial cells do not contain a _________.

Nucleus

What do fungi and bacteria release that can make us feel ill?

Poisons (or toxins)

Are viruses living organisms?

Technically no, as they cannot reproduce by themselves - they need a host cell.

What is variation?

The differences between individuals of the same species, caused by genetic and environmental factors.

What is the overall beer market value in the UK in 2023?

Exceeds £19 billion in sales.

What is the predicted value of the bread and baking industry by 2026?

£9 billion.

How many lives has penicillin (an antibiotic) saved?

Over 500 million lives.

How much cheese does the UK produce every year?

410,000 to 495,000 tonnes.

What process is used by yeast to make beer and wine?

Fermentation (anaerobic respiration).

What is the equation for fermentation?

Glucose → carbon dioxide + alcohol.

What ingredients are used in baking with yeast?

Flour, sugar, water, and yeast.

What allows yeast to grow, respire, and reproduce in baking?

Sugar.

What is the equation for aerobic respiration in baking?

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water.

Are viruses used to make cheese?

False.

Can bacteria called lactobacillus be used to make yoghurt from milk?

True.

In brewing, does yeast respire anaerobically?

True.

Are fungi used to make Quorn?

True.

In bread making, does yeast respire anaerobically?

False.

Does the carbon dioxide produced from respiration cause the bread dough to rise?

True.