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What did the first stage of the Industrial Revolution called?

“age of steel”

Machines are invented to run other machines.

Automation

A product needing repair could be fixed easily and cheaply by replacing the broken piece with an identical piece.

Interchangeable Parts

A number of workers divided the manufacturing process into several simple procedures, each worker performing a separate function.

Division of Labor

Workers stationed along a conveyor belt each assembled a different specific part of a product.

Assembly Line

The House of Commons managed to wrest some power away from the House of Lords and assert itself as the supreme governing body in Britain.

Parliament Bill

when was the Mines Act

1842

When was the Parliament Bill

1911

Lowered property qualifications for voting, increasing the electorate by an estimated 50 percent. It also reorganized the voting districts, giving representation to the middle class citizens in the new industrial cities.

Reform Bill of 1832

Advocated universal manhood suffrage, the secret ballot, equal electoral districts, pay for members of Parliament, no property qualifications for members of Parliament, and annual elections to Parliament.

Chartism

Government ownership of the means of production and the distribution of goods for the presumed welfare of society.

Socialism

A direct result of the French enlightenment. Teaches that if the inequities in society could be abolished, man's natural goodness could be perfected.

Utopian Socialism

According to this, all history is dominated by class struggle.

Marxism

Marx’s famous work

Das Kapital

British socialists who sought achieve a socialist society without revolution.

Fabians

Theological liberals who believed that Christianity and capitalism were incompatible.

Christian Socialists

Had a growing awareness of the world. Rejected both the idealistic emotion of romanticism and its fascination with exotic themes and faraway places. Believed that life should be portrayed as it really is.

Realism

What is Dickens’ famous novel

Hard times

Courbet’s artwork

The stone breakers

Turned away from photographic realism in painting and, instead, made light and color the chief concerns.

Impressionism

Rodin’s best known sculpture

The thinker

Advocates of this style believed that Impressionism rejected too many traditional artistic concepts

Post-Impressionism