f3 chemistry - reactions of metals - observations

potassium + oxygen

burns vigorously with a lilac flame; white powder

sodium + oxygen

burns vigorously with a golden yellow flame; white powder

calcium + oxygen

burns quite vigorously with a brick-red flame; white powder

magnesium + oxygen

burns with a very bright white light; white powder

aluminium + oxygen

burns to give out much heat; white powder

zinc + oxygen

burns to give out some heat; yellow → white powder

iron + oxygen

burns with a yellow spark; black solid

lead + oxygen

orange → yellow powder

copper + oxygen

black powder on surface

mercury + oxygen

red powder on surface

potassium + water

melts to a silvery ball; moves about very quickly on water surface with hissing sound; burns with a lilac flame

sodium + water

melts to silvery ball; moves about quite quickly on water surface; burns with a golden yellow flame

calcium + water

sinks to the bottom of the water; colourless gas bubbles evolve

magnesium + steam

produces an intense white light; white solid

aluminium + steam

white solid

zinc + steam

yellow → white solid; glows as steam passes over

iron + steam

black solid; metal glows red when heated

calcium + dilute hydrochloric acid

metal dissolves; test tube becomes warm; colourless gas bubbles evolve

magnesium + dilute hydrochloric acid

metal dissolves; test tube becomes warm; colourless gas bubbles evolve

aluminium + dilute hydrochloric acid

metal dissolves; test tube becomes warm; colourless gas bubbles evolve

zinc + dilute hydrochloric acid

metal dissolves; test tube becomes warm; colourless gas bubbles evolve

iron + dilute hydrochloric acid

metal dissolves; test tube becomes warm; colourless gas bubbles evolve

lead + dilute hydrochloric acid

metal dissolves; test tube becomes warm; colourless gas bubbles evolve