history exam

causes of world war 1? (unit 1)

• militarism (building forces and threatening aggression)

• alliances (treaties between governments in europe intended to keep the peace)

• imperialism (controlling colonies and building an empire by economic, political or military means)

• nationalism (deep feeling of patriotism/loyalty to one’s nation, so strong that extremists would go to war for it— ex. black hand)

• assasination (franz ferdinand and the black hand)

purpose of schlieffen plan? (unit 1)

• to win a war on two fronts (when russia and france became allies)

• depended on four things: massive numbers, surprise, deception and speed

  •  The plan was a failure because it was based on flawed assumptions and not facts, and it got ruined by unexpected Russian, Belgian and British resistance. The Germans were forced to retreat, and this later started trench warfare.

francis pegamagahbow? (unit 1)

• indigenous sniper who amassed the most kills during world war 1 (378) and received awards for it

• despite this, he still had to fight for freedom after the war as he was not considered a citizen

propaganda? (unit 1)

ideas, facts or allegations spread deliberately, either to further one’s cause or to damage an opposing cause

• First purpose: To encourage young men to enlist

• Second purpose: To convince Canadians to buy Victory/War bonds

• Third purpose: To encourage Canadians to be thrifty

• Fourth purpose: To urge Canadians to contribute to the Patriotic Fund (charity for families of soldiers at war)

• Fifth purpose: To promote a just war; to portray the enemy as evil

number 2 construction battalion? (unit 1)

• a segregated non-combat unit for black people

  • the construction crew was called Canada’s best secret

halibut treaty? (unit 2)

• canada decided it didn’t need britain’s input during the Halibut treaty, as the canadian PM said it didn’t concern britain to sign it

  • halibut stock was decreasing after ww1 and the us + canada began negotiating on fishing limits

pope’s apology? (unit 2)

• the catholic church had already apologized for residential schools

• but, some felt that the pope addressing it himself made it feel more sincere (on april 1st, 2022)

• some felt that words were not enough and wanted compensation

canada’s role on bootlegging (prohibition)? (unit 2)

• speakeasy’s (nightclubs/restaurants) got alcohol from bootleggers who supplied them

  • canadians illegally transported alcohol into the US when it was abandoned in the 1920s (aka rum-running)

assembly line? (unit 2)

• henry ford used this technique for mass production in his car factories

  • was faster, cheaper and more efficient

  • everything became cheaper for average Canadian families

appeasement? (unit 3)

• britain and france spinelessly appeased (gave in) to germany in hopes that hitler would stop (he was not ready to stop taking)

  • from 1935-38 britain and france gave him land, control over other nations and freedom to remilitarize

plebiscite (conscription)? (unit 3)

!!! FILL IN W NOTES

invasion of normandy (juno beach)? (unit 3)

• Target was the Beaches of Normandy, and preparations began over a year earlier

• Codename was Operation Overlord and all forces trained extensively

• Misinformation was deliberately leaked to the Germans, confusing them on where landings would be

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• canada was assigned this beach and the navy and airforce provided cover, bombed German shoreline defenses, and cleared sea mines

• Canadian soldiers later made their way to Caen, an important communications and transport centre

• Only country to achieve their objective that day

Many Canadians died on this day and a Canadian War Cemetery was built for them in France

canada’s role in atomic bomb? (unit 3)

• they had a hand in developing it, and they supplied many resources

  • uranium used it was from port hope, ontario, as well as mines in northwest territories

• canada provided a safe working environment for the scientists working on the bomb

• canadian scientists made discoveries such as finding uranium and helping create the chain reaction with it

• indigenous peoples also helped transport the uranium, but did not know what they were contributing towards , and contaminated their families + many died from cancer

taliban? (unit 4)

• the Taliban took over and bin Laden created al-Qaeda

• Their mission was to fight western influences, so US was the enemy

• PM Jean Chretien promised the US Canadian support for 9/11, and Canadian troops were deployed on a peacekeeping mission to Afghanistan

• Taliban was driven out of power in 2001, and the first democratic elections took place in 2004

• Al-Qaeda and Taliban are still fighting NATO forces disrupting Afghan citizens

pierre laporte (october crisis)? (unit 4)

• the minister of labour that was kidnapped by FLQ, an organization of French extremists

• FLQ announced they killed Pierre Laporte on October 17th, and was strangled and discovered in the trunk of his car