SysSig - Week 1 to 2 Rehash - 5.1 to 5.7

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Last updated 6:49 PM on 6/17/26
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18 Terms

1
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State the conventions when dealing with op amps:

  • regarding voltages and the ground node

  • direction of currents

  • All voltages are referenced to the ground node

  • direction of currents is to the op amp

<ul><li><p>All voltages are referenced to the ground node</p></li><li><p>direction of currents is to the op amp</p></li></ul><p></p>
2
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Draw and label the circuit symbol for an operational amplifier

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3
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Draw an operational amplifier in a circuit

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4
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Describe the voltage transfer characteristic of an op amp

  • y axis is A(vp - vn)

    • A is the open loop gain

  • when vp - vn is:

    • small, output is linear

    • large, output is saturated and cut off at VCC+ or VCC-

<ul><li><p>y axis is A(vp - vn)</p><ul><li><p>A is the open loop gain</p></li></ul></li><li><p>when vp - vn is:</p><ul><li><p> small, output is linear</p></li><li><p>large, output is saturated and cut off at VCC+ or VCC-</p></li><li><p></p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
5
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Describe the op amp’s input voltage constraint

  • when ideal we assume A = infinite

    • so vp - vn has to be 0 for linear operation

  • so vp = vn

<ul><li><p>when ideal we assume A = infinite</p><ul><li><p>so vp - vn has to be 0 for linear operation</p></li></ul></li><li><p>so vp = vn</p></li></ul><p></p>
6
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Describe the op amp’s input current constraint

  • Resistance between input terminals = infinite

  • so the current of the input terminals = 0

    • ip = 0

    • in = 0

  • ip + io + in + ic- + ic+ = 0

    • io + ic- + ip+ = 0

    • io = - (ic- + ip+)

<ul><li><p>Resistance between input terminals = infinite</p></li><li><p>so the current of the input terminals = 0</p><ul><li><p>ip = 0</p></li><li><p>in = 0</p></li></ul></li><li><p>ip + io + in + ic- + ic+ = 0</p><ul><li><p>io + ic- + ip+ = 0</p></li><li><p>io = - (ic- + ip+)</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
7
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Describe how to analyze a circuit with an ideal op amp

  • A = infinite

  • in = ip = 0

    • infinite input resistance

  • vp = vn

    • zero offset voltage

  • vout = A(vp - vn

    • 0 output resistance

8
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Draw an inverting amplifier circuit

<ul><li><p></p></li></ul><p></p>
9
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Derive formulas from an inverting amplifier circuit

  • Gain is Rf / Rs

<ul><li><p>Gain is Rf / Rs</p></li></ul><p></p>
10
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Draw an open loop inverting amplifer circuit and derive its formulas

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11
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Draw a summing amplifier circuit and derive formulas from it

  • Rf ( Va/Ra + Vb/Rb + Vc/Rc ) = Vo

<ul><li><p>Rf ( Va/Ra + Vb/Rb + Vc/Rc  ) = Vo</p></li><li><p></p></li></ul><p></p>
12
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Draw a noninverting amplifier circuit and derive formulas from it

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13
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Draw a difference amplifier circuit and derive formulas from it

  • vo = Rb/Ra (vb - va)

    • gain is Rb/Ra when Ra/Rb = Rc/Rd

<ul><li><p>vo = Rb/Ra (vb - va)</p><ul><li><p>gain is Rb/Ra when Ra/Rb = Rc/Rd</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
14
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For the difference amplifier do the following:

  • Describe what is meant by common and differential mode

    • represent the input voltages in terms of cm and dm

  • Represent output voltage in terms of common and differential modes

  • Draw a difference amplifier circuit in terms of common and differential mode

  • vdm = vb - va

  • vcm = (vb + va) / 2

  • va = vdm - ½ vcm

  • vb = vdm + ½ vcm

  • vo = Acm vcm + Adm vdm

    • Acm = 0 when Ra = Rc and Rd = Rb

<ul><li><p>vdm = vb - va</p></li><li><p>vcm = (vb + va) / 2</p></li><li><p>va = vdm - ½ vcm</p></li><li><p>vb = vdm + ½ vcm</p></li><li><p>vo = Acm vcm + Adm vdm</p><ul><li><p>Acm = 0 when Ra = Rc and Rd = Rb</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
15
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For a difference op amp:

  • State formulas for the resistors when the resistor values do not exactly line up

    • State how it affects Adm and Acm

  • Describe what is meant by the common mode rejection ratio

  • CMRR = |Adm / Acm|

<ul><li><p>CMRR = |Adm / Acm|</p></li></ul><p></p>
16
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Draw a more realistic diagram of an op amp

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17
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Draw a more realistic diagram of an inverting op amp and derive formulas for the output voltage

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18
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Draw a more realistic diagram of a noninverting op amp and derive formulas for the output voltage

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