Social studies final - chapters 7-10

Republican government

form of government where people elect representatives to make decisions for them

Continental Congress

designed the articles of confederation as the first government of the US

George Washington

President of the constitutional convention / foreign policy of neutrality that many presidents followed after him / did not like political parties because he thought the differences would weaken the country, served 8 years total term for life.

Virginia Plan

representation in congress to be based off of a state's population . Favored by larger states .

New Jersey Plan

representation in congress is equal for every state. Favored by smaller states

Anti - Federalists

opposed the constitution, feared a strong central government, thought the constitution needed a list of protected rights

Federalists

supported the constitution believed in strong central government

Federalism

form of government where power is shared between state and federal governments

Alexander Hamilton

leading Federalist who strongly pushed for the constitution to be ratified. He was first treasurer, cabinet member, paid off war debt, he is the reason why Washington DC is the capitol. created national bank,

Marbury vs Madison :

Major court case that gave the supreme court the power that it has of Judicial review (established the principles of judicial review)

Judicial Review

Supreme courts power to decide if laws are constitutional or not, they interpret the constitution and decide what it means (Marbury vs Madison established judicial review)

War of 1812

war fought over British interference with shipping. Proved that the United States could defend itself

Constitutional Convention

55 delegates met to fix problems with Articles of confederation. They created the Constitution.

Constitution

Established framework for government . Created balance of power between state and federal power.

Founding Fathers

nickname for t he men making the decisions for how the country should be governed

Great Compromise

combined NJ plan and Virginia plan. Created two house legislature .

Three-Fifths Compromise

settled disagreement of how slaves were to be counted towards population's numbers. Impacted representation in congress and taxes

Bill of Rights

1st 10 amendments to the constitution. Established basic rights of American citizens.

Louisiana Territory

bought for 15 million dollars from the French. was 3 cents an acres . Doubles the size of the US

Francis Scott Key

Author of the star spangled banner

Thomas Jefferson

as president, he believed in Washington's policy neutrality because America was separated from rest of world by natural features(geography), like the Atlantic ocean. He also believed the federal government should be limited in size and power, helped make Declaration of independence, was anti-federalist, purchased Louisiana territory

Articles of Confederation

first government of US, gave too limited power to federal government and too much power to state government

Religious Discrimination

being unfairly treated because of one's religion

why were the founding fathers fearful of a strong national government

because they worried a powerful central government would abuse its power and turn into a tyranny(cruel and oppressive government that rules with absolute power) and stomp on their rights like it did in Britain

What was wrong with Articles of Confederation

couldn't regulate trade, couldn't tax, no executive branch, couldn't get people to join the army

What were Washington's precedents

Set up the 2 - four year terms for the president

What to call the president - Called "Mr. President "

Trade support of south for future capitol in the south

Created the 1st cabinet (departments within the executive branch - 3 departments and 2 offices)

Set up Federal courts and appointed judges

George Washington farewell address - what he wanted for the future

most important thing was national unity, remain neutral and stay out of foreign affairs, avoid political parties

The English and other Native Americans

Who were the Native Americans allied with in the war of 1812

the treaty of Ghent

What treaty ended the war of 1812

France

________ got Louisiana back from Spain in 1800 through a secret agreement

Spain

Who controlled Louisiana after the French and Indian war?

Napoleon Bonaparte

Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory from