2.3 - Chemical Reactions

Kinetic Energy

Energy due to motion

Potential Energy

Stored energy due to position/structure of components

Chemical Energy

Energy absorbed as chemical bonds form, stored as they’re maintained, and released as they’re broken

Reactant

One or more substances that enter into a reaction

Product

One or more substances produced by the chemical reaction

Synthesis Reaction

Anabolic reaction where 2+ atoms/molecules bond to form larger molecule

Decomposition Reaction

Catabolic reaction where 1+ bonds in larger molecules break resulting in smaller molecules/ions

Exchange Reaction

Reaction where bonds are formed and broken resulting in transfer of components

Concentration

Number of particles in a given space

Catalyst

Substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being changes

Enzyme

Biological catalyst (protein or RNA) that decreases the activation energy required for a chemical reaction

Activation Energy

Threshold level of energy needed to break bonds in reactants to initiate a chemical reaction

Active Site

Region of an enzyme where substrate binds; stabilizes the transition state of high energy intermediate