Respiratory Medications Part 1

Albuterol Trade Name

Proventil

Albuterol Class

bronchodilator

Albuterol Description

Relaxes smooth muscles of the bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature

Albuterol Onset

5 minutes after inhalation

Albuterol Duration

6 Hours after inhalation

Albuterol Indications

Relief of bronchospasm with reversible obstructive airway disease

Albuterol Contraindications

Prior hypersensitivity

Albuterol Adverse Reactions

Dizziness

Albuterol Dose

MDI: 1 or 2 inhalations every 6 hours

Albuterol Special Considerations

Pregnancy Safety Category C

Etomidate Trade Name

Amidate

Etomidate Class

anesthetic

Etomidate Description

Administered for conscious sedation to relieve apprehension or impair memory before tracheal intubation or cardioversion

Etomidate Onset

Less than 1 minute

Etomidate Duration

5 minutes

Etomidate Indications

Pre-medication for tracheal intubation or cardioversion

Etomidate Contradiction

Hypersensitivity

Etomidate Adverse Reaction

N/V

Etomidate Dose

0.6mg/kg IV over 60 seconds

Etomidate Special Considerations

Pregnancy Safety Category C

Ipratroprium Bromide Trade Name

Atrovent

Ipratroprium Bromide Class

Bronchodilator

Ipratroprium Bromide Description

inhibits interaction of acetylcholine at receptor sites on bronchial smooth muscle

Ipratroprium Bromide Onset

Less than 15 minutes

Ipratroprium Bromide Duration

2 hours

Ipratroprium Bromide Indications

persistent bronchospasm

Ipratroprium Bromide Contraindications

Hypersensitivity (peanuts)

Ipratroprium Bromide Adverse Reactions

N/V

Ipratroprium Bromide Dose

0.5mg nebulized

Ipratroprium Bromide Special Considerations

Pregnancy Safety Category B

Ketamine Trade Name

Ketalar

Ketamine Class

Nonbarbituate anesthetic

Ketamine Description

Produces short-acting amnesia without muscular relaxation

Ketamine Onset

Within 30 seconds

Ketamine Durations

Up to 2 hours

Ketamine Indications

Analgesia

Ketamine Contraindications

Hypersensitivity

Ketamine Adverse Reactions

Hallucinations

Ketamine Dose

For excited delirium: 2mg/kg over 1 minute (IV)

Ketamine Special Considerations

Pregnancy Safety Category C

Methyprednisolone Trade Name

SoluMedrol

Methyprednisolone Class

Glucocorticoid

Methyprednisolone Description

A synthetic steroid that suppresses acute and chronic inflammation

Methyprednisolone Onset

1 hour

Methyprednisolone Duration

24 hours

Methyprednisolone Indications

Anaphylaxis

Methyprednisolone Contraindications

Caution in nations with GI bleeding

Methyprednisolone Adverse Reactions

Headache

Methyprednisolone Dose

2mg/kg up to 125mg (IV)

Methyprednisolone Special Considerations

Pregnancy Safety Category C

Oxygen Trade Name

N/A

Oxygen Class

Gas

Oxygen Description

Necessary for cellular metabolism

Oxygen Onset

N/A

Oxygen Duration

N/A

Oxygen Indications

Hypoxia

Oxygen Contraindications

Non-hypoxic patients

Oxygen Adverse Reactions

Drying of mucus membranes

Oxygen Dose

Cardiac arrest/critical patients = 100%

Non-critical patients= enough to correct hypoxia

Oxygen Special Considerations

N/A

Rocuronium Bromide Trade Name

Zemmuron

Rocuronium Bromide Class

Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

Rocuronium Bromide Description

Competitively blocks acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, resulting in chemical paralysis

Rocuronium Bromide Onset

1 minute, peak in 4 minutes

Rocuronium Bromide Duration

40 minutes

Rocuronium Bromide Indications

Chemical paralysis for airway placement

Rocuronium Bromide Contraindications

Hypersensitivity

Rocuronium Bromide Adverse Reactions

Apnea

Rocuronium Bromide Dose

1mg/kg (IV)

Rocuronium Bromide Special Considerations

Pregnancy Safety Category C

Succinylcholine Trade Name

Anectine

Succinylcholine Class

Neuromuscular blocker

Succinylcholine Description

Has the quickest onset and briefest duration of action of all neuromuscular blocking drugs

Succinylcholine Onset

Less than 1 minute

Succinylcholine Duration

5 minutes

Succinylcholine Indications

to facilitate intubation

Succinylcholine Contraindications

Hypersensitivity

Succinylcholine Adverse Reactions

Respiratory depression

Succinylcholine Dose

RSI = 1.5mg/kg (IV/IO)

Succinylcholine Special Consideration

Pregnancy Safety Category C

Vecuronium Bromide Trade Name

N/A

Vecuronium Bromide Class

Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

Vecuronium Bromide Description

Competitively blocks acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, resulting in chemical paralysis

Vecuronium Bromide Onset

3 minutes

Vecuronium Bromide Duration

30 minutes

Vecuronium Bromide Indications

Chemical paralysis for airway placement

Vecuronium Bromide Contraindications

Hypersensitivity

Vecuronium Bromide Adverse Reactions

Apnea

Vecuronium Bromide Dose

0.1 mg/kg IV

Vecuronium Bromide Special Considerations

Pregnancy Safety Category C