Term 2 Examination Scope Practice Flashcards

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the key topics for the Term 2 examination including Number Systems, Exponents, Integers, Functions, and Algebra.

Square numbers

The product of an integer multiplied by itself.

HCF

Highest Common Factor; the largest factor shared between two or more numbers.

LCM

Lowest Common Multiple; the smallest multiple that is common to two or more numbers.

Prime factorisation

The process of expressing a composite number as a product of its prime factors.

Rational numbers

Any number that can be expressed as a fraction $\frac{a}{b}$ where $a$ and $b$ are integers and $b \neq 0$.

Irrational numbers

Numbers that cannot be written as a simple fraction, characterized by non-terminating and non-recurring decimals.

Non-real numbers

Numbers that do not exist on the number line, such as the square root of a negative number.

Undefined numbers

An expression in mathematics which does not have meaning, such as a fraction with a denominator of zero.

Exponents

Quantity representing the power to which a base number is raised.

Positive and negative exponents

Powers that can be greater than zero or less than zero, where $a^{-n} = \frac{1}{a^n}$.

Integers

A set of whole numbers including zero, positive, and negative values ($\dots, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, \dots$).

Ratios

A comparison of two or more quantities showing their relative sizes.

Number patterns

A list of numbers that follow a specific sequence or rule.

Straight-line graphs

Visual representations of linear functions on a Cartesian plane.

y-intercept

The coordinate point where a graph crosses the $y$-axis.

Variables

Symbols or letters used to represent unknown values in algebraic expressions or equations.

Coefficients

The numerical part of a term that contains a variable (e.g., the value $5$ in $5x$).

Factorisation

The act of breaking an algebraic expression down into a product of simpler factors.

Expanding brackets

The process of multiplying the term outside the bracket by every term inside it to remove parentheses.