Sacred text deuternonical book

Canon

What it was:

After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE, Jewish leaders organised their Scriptures in Hebrew (the Tanakh). This process was gradual.

Important detail:

The Hebrew canon did NOT include the deuterocanonical books, which mostly existed in Greek.

 

Why it matters:

• Protestant Reformers later followed this Hebrew canon.

• Catholics and Orthodox followed the earlier Christian tradition based on the Septuagint.

Septuagint

The Septuagint (often abbreviated LXX) is the ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, produced between the 3rd–1st centuries BCE.

The septuagint (LXX) - Greek translation of Jewish scriptures ( 3rd-1stBCE)

 

Who used it:

Greek‑speaking Jews and the early Christians, who read it in worship.

Why it matters:

It was basically the Bible of the early Church.

Many Old Testament quotations in the New Testament match the Greek Septuagint, not the later Hebrew text

Deuternonical

It refers to the set of books included in the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canons, but not in the Jewish or Protestant canons.A Greek translation of the Jewish Scriptures made in Alexandria between the 3rd–1st century BCE. It included the usual Old Testament books plus extra books that Catholics now call the deuterocanonical books (e.g., Tobit, Wisdom, Maccabees).

·       Reasons for differences between Jewish, Catholic, and Protestant scriptures

• Different canons — Each tradition chose a different set of books to include.

• Language sources — Jews used the Hebrew Bible; early Christians used the Greek Septuagint, which had extra books.

• Theological differences — Judaism, Catholicism, and Protestantism interpret revelation differently, shaping which books they accept.

• Different structure/order — Tanakh arranged as Torah/Prophets/Writings; Christian Bibles reorganize and separate books differently.

Why do cathodlics accept deutenonical books

• Used by early Christians — The early Church used the Septuagint, a Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures that included the Deuterocanonical books.

• Apostolic tradition — Early Church leaders and communities treated these books as Scripture, so the Catholic Church kept them.

Theology supported their use — Their teachings aligned with Catholic beliefs on prayer, morality, and the afterlife.

Why do protestants reject deuternonical books

• Not in the Hebrew canon — Protestants follow the Jewish Hebrew Bible for the Old Testament, which does not include the Deuterocanonical books.

• Language concerns — These books survived mainly in Greek, not Hebrew, so Reformers doubted their original authenticity.

what similar themes in tobit and 2 maccabees