Comparative Politics Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts discussed in the Comparative Politics lecture, focusing on the role of movements, institutions, and representation in shaping political outcomes.

Political Movements

Groups that create demand for change in political systems but do not control institutional outcomes.

Institutional Reform

Changes made to existing political structures in response to demands for change, which can sometimes fail even when there is overwhelming support.

Norm-Rebuilding

The process advocated by Levitsky and Ziblatt, which emphasizes the importance of re-establishing democratic norms.

Agenda Setting

The ability of movements to bring issues to the political forefront that are often ignored by parties and governments.

Solidarity Building

The process by which movements create a sense of community and shared purpose among diverse groups across institutional boundaries.

Political Opportunity Structure

The framework that evaluates the political context and environment in which movements operate, affecting their success or failure.

Descriptive Representation

The extent to which political representatives reflect the demographic characteristics of the population they represent.

Substantive Representation

The degree to which representatives advocate for the interests and concerns of the groups they represent, beyond mere demographic similarities.

Collective Action

A strategy employed by those excluded from institutional power to mobilize and exert pressure for political change.

Strategic Crisis

A situation that arises when movements face resistance from institutions that absorb their demands without implementing real change.