NURS 4203: Adult Health III - Shock, Sepsis and Multiple Organ Dysfunction

Flashcards covering key concepts related to shock, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction as discussed in NURS 4203.

Shock

A condition in which tissue perfusion is inadequate to deliver oxygen and nutrients to support vital organs and cellular function.

Four Stages of Shock

Initiation, compensatory, progressive, refractory or irreversible.

Compensatory Stage Symptoms

Increased cardiac output and blood pressure, venous vasoconstriction, shunting of blood to vital organs, and increased respiratory rate.

Progressive Stage Symptoms

Mental status changes, anasarca, weak peripheral pulses, decreased cardiac output, and alteration in capillary permeability.

Refractory Stage Symptoms

Accumulation of urea and ammonia due to kidney failure, profound hypotension, hypoxemia, and multi-organ failures.

Hypovolemic Shock

Caused by excessive intravascular fluid volume loss leading to decreased venous return and hypoperfusion.

Cardiogenic Shock

Heart pump failure resulting in decreased cardiac output and hypoperfusion, characterized by decreased stroke volume and ejection fraction.

Obstructive Shock

Decreased blood flow due to blockage or compression, leading to blood backing up and potential chest pain.

Distributive Shock

Characterized by massive vasodilation from neurogenic, anaphylactic, or septic causes.

Sepsis

A life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection.

SIRS

Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, characterized by systemic inflammation due to infection.

SOFA Score

Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score used to determine the level of organ dysfunction.

Septic Shock

A severe type of sepsis that includes refractory hypotension and tissue hypoperfusion.

ARDS

Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome, a severe complication related to pulmonary dysfunction in sepsis.

DIC

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, a complication marked by bleeding and clotting issues.

Tachycardia

An increased heart rate common in initial stages of shock.

Hypoperfusion

Inadequate blood flow to organs resulting in cellular damage and dysfunction.

Proning

A technique used to improve respiratory function by positioning a patient face down.

Merik Protocol

A treatment method involving hydrocortisone, vitamin C, and thiamine for severe sepsis.

Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)

Altered organ function in an acutely ill patient that cannot be maintained without intervention.