Unit 5 - Ecology - 9th Grade

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Last updated 1:04 PM on 4/30/26
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23 Terms

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Ecology

the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment


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Abiotic Factor

are the non-living parts of an organism's habitat

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Decomposer

an organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms

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Trophic Level

each step in a food chain or food web

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Habitat

the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism

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Mutualism

a relationship between two species in which both species benefit

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Decomposition

the process or act of breaking down an organic material or substance into smaller constituent parts, especially by the action of decomposers

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Niche

an organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it makes its living

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Species

a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring

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Ecosystem

a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

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Ecological Pyramid

diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter within each trophic level in a food chain or food web

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Predation

an interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism

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Commensalism

a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

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Parasitism

a relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed

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Population

a group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area

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Food Chain

a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

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Biodiversity

the number of different species in an area

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Community

a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other

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Biotic Factor

a living part of an ecosystem

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Consumer

an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms

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Food Web

a community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains

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Primary Succession

ecological succession that begins in an area where no biotic community previously existed

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Secondary Succession

Succession following a disturbance that destroys a community without destroying the soil