APUSH Period 1-2 Study Guide

A collection of flashcards covering key terms and concepts from the APUSH Period 1-2 study guide.

Columbian Exchange

The transfer of animals, plants, and slaves across the Atlantic region following the discovery of the New World.

Jamestown

The first English settlement in the Americas, established for the purpose of gold mining.

Bacon’s Rebellion

A rebellion in 1676 led by Nathaniel Bacon against the Virginia government due to land shortages for indentured servants.

Stono Rebellion

A 1739 slave rebellion where escaped slaves rose against their masters in South Carolina.

First Great Awakening

A religious revival in the 18th century that emphasized individual piety and opposed the established clergy.

Chattel Slavery

A form of slavery where children born to enslaved mothers are automatically enslaved.

Salutary Neglect

A period where Great Britain allowed its colonies considerable autonomy and self-governance.

Mercantilism

An economic policy where a mother country establishes colonies to obtain raw materials for its own benefit.

Indentured Servitude

A labor system where individuals worked to pay off their passage to the New World.

Encomienda System

A system that granted colonists the right to demand labor from Native Americans.

Kinship Ties

Family connections among enslaved people, which emerged as a form of resistance against oppression.

Navigation Acts

Laws passed by Parliament to regulate colonial trade, restricting exports to Great Britain only.

Headright System

A system granting land to settlers for each person they brought to the New World.

New England Colonies

Colonies in the northernmost region, including Massachusetts and others.

Southern Colonies

Colonies in the southern region, including Georgia and the Carolinas.

Chesapeake Region

Colonies centered in Maryland and Virginia, known for tobacco production.

“Bread-Basket” Colonies

Middle colonies known for grain production, such as Pennsylvania and New Jersey.

Fluid Social Structure

A social system in Spain and France characterized by intermarriage among different groups.

Rigid Social Structure

A social system in Great Britain where families settled together, reducing intermarriage with indigenous peoples.

Cultural Blending

The mixing of different religious and cultural practices, such as voodoo with Christianity.

Conflicts with Natives

Disputes arising from land encroachment by colonists.