biology 1.1

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Last updated 2:24 AM on 3/5/25
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19 Terms

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Biology
The science that studies life.
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Viruses
Entities that exhibit some characteristics of life, such as reproduction and causing diseases, but do not meet all criteria to be classified as living organisms.
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Properties of Life
Key characteristics shared by all living organisms: order, sensitivity, reproduction, adaptation, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing.
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Order
The organized structure of organisms, made up of one or more cells.
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Sensitivity or Response to Stimuli
The ability of organisms to respond to environmental changes.
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Reproduction
The biological process of producing new individuals, passing DNA from parents to offspring.
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Adaptation
The evolutionary process through which organisms adjust to their environment to enhance survival and reproduction.
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Growth and Development
The process where organisms grow according to specific genetic instructions.
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Regulation
The mechanisms used by organisms to coordinate internal functions and respond to changes.
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Homeostasis
The ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.
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Energy Processing
The use of energy from various sources for metabolic activities by organisms.
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
The organized structure of life, progressing from atoms to molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere.
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Taxonomy
The science of naming and classifying organisms, developed by Carl Linnaeus.
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Domains of Life
The three broad classifications of life: Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria.
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Phylogenetic Tree
A diagram illustrating the evolutionary relationships among species based on genetic and physical traits.
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Molecular Biology
The study of biological processes at the molecular level, including the interactions of DNA, RNA, and proteins.
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Forensic Science
The application of scientific principles to legal questions, often involving the biological analysis of evidence.
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Extremophiles
Organisms that live in extreme conditions, such as those found in the domain Archaea.
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Binomial Naming System
A two-part naming system for species that includes the genus and species names, developed by Carl Linnaeus.