Social Comparison and Theory of Mind

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Last updated 2:59 AM on 4/29/26
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8 Terms

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Upward social comparison

  • comparing those who are better than us

  • envy and regret

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Downward social comparison

  • comparing those who are worse than us

  • increased self-esteem

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Dunning-Kruger Effect

those with little skill are most confident in their abilities, while experienced individuals are less confident

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Theory of Mind

the human capacity to understand the mind of others

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Tools of Theory of Mind

  1. Identifying agents: identifying moving objects that can act on their own

  2. Recognizing goals: observing behaviors from agents to understand the systematic and predictable relationship between the agent and an object of pursuit

  3. Intentionality: performing an action which the agent believes will bring about a desired outcome

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Mimicry

imitating another person’s behavior unconsciously

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Synchrony

when two people are synchronized in their mimicry of each other

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Joint attention

when two people are both attending to the same object and they are aware that they are both attending to it