CHC 2D Exam Review

MAIN Causes: M

Militarism

MAIN Causes: A

Alliance

MAIN Causes: I

Imperialism

MAIN Causes: N

Nationalism

Militarism

European powers wanted to create the biggest and strongest army

Alliances

Starting from the 1870s European countries started to create alliances with each other

Imperialism

European countries decided to go the foreign countries and colonize there as an act to flex their power

Nationalism

To flex their powers even further they used propaganda to create patriotism

Why did Canada Join

Because Britain joined Canada had to join too

Trench warfare

a type of combat in which opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other.

Ypres

April 1915 first use of poison gas

Vimy Ridge

April 1917 first major battle Canada won solo

Passchendaele

October 1917 One of Canada's biggest lose

Convoy System

The convoy system, a group of ships sailing together for protection, was designed to help protect cargo in passenger ships during the First and Second World War

conscription

Was when they forced people to fight for their country

Enemy Aliens in Canada

immigrants from enemy countries that were placed in internment camps

PM Robert Borden

He was canada's Prime minister during the war he played a major role in keeping Canada stable during the war

Arthur Currie

He was the officer during the war and helped lead Canada to victory during the Vimy Ridge attack

The treaty of Versailles

Was written in France in June 1919

Germany had to pay for all the damage that took place

Winnipeg general strike

The strike was an illegal six week action fought by underprivileged Canadian Workers to have their right of collective bargaining recognized by the Canadian Government and by wealthy business owners

Suffragist

a person advocating the extension of suffrage, especially to women.

Prohibition

the action of forbidding something, especially by law.

Residential Schools

Residential schools were government-sponsored religious schools established to assimilate Indigenous children into Euro-Canadian culture.

Chinese Head tax

The Chinese head tax was a fixed fee charged to each Chinese person entering Canada.

Stock market Crash

A stock market crash is a sudden dramatic decline of stock prices across a significant cross-section of a stock market

On-to-Ottawa Trek & Regina Riot

was a long journey where a thousand unemployed men protested the dismal conditions in federal relief camps scattered in remote areas across Western Canada

Adolf Hitler

Fascist leader of Germany

Benito Mussolini

Fascist leader of Italy

Joseph Stalin

Communist leader of the Soviet Union

When did Canada join

Canada declared war on Germany in September 1939. Britain's declaration of war did not automatically commit Canada, as had been the case in 1914.

Significance of dieppe

The purpose was to make a successful raid on German-occupied Europe over water, and then to hold Dieppe briefly. The results were disastrous.

Significance of Hong Kong

was one of the first battles of the Pacific War in World War II. On the same morning as the attack on Pearl Harbor, forces of the Empire of Japan attacked the British Crown colony of Hong Kong.

significance of Italian campaign

Beyond their goal of crushing Italian Axis forces, the Allies wanted to draw German troops away from the main Allied advance through Nazi-occupied northern Europe to Berlin, Germany.

Significance of D-day

June 6, 1944 during World War II. It is widely regarded as the single most important event in WWII and led to its conclusion in Europe. It resulted in the freedom of France.

significance of liberation of Holland

the remaining German forces in the country surrendered on May 5, 1945, finally liberating all of the Netherlands. All German forces would surrender May 7, 1945.

Women in the forces

Some women fought in the army but weren't in dangerous missions like the men. Other stayed back to help as nurse

PM King

Was the prime minister during the world war and the great depression.

The holocaust

the mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime during the period 1941-45. More than 6 million European Jews, as well as members of other persecuted groups, such as gypsies and homosexuals, were murdered at concentration camps such as Auschwitz.

League of Nations

an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations

Military Services Bill

Made conscription into law 1917 and angered the french

military elections act

two acts passed by Borden to win election after failing to get Conservative's support

Persons Case 1929

The Famous Five asked the Supreme Court if the word "person" in the BNA Act include female persons. First said no, then yes :)

Cairine Wilson

In 1930 Cairine Wilson became the first woman appointed to the Canadian Senate, just months after the Persons Case gave women the right to sit in the Senate.

Citizenship Act

The act established Canadian citizenship as a distinct category and allowed residents of Canada to obtain citizenship regardless of their country of origin.Prior to 1947, individuals born in Canada and naturalized immigrants were classified as British subjects rather than Canadian citizens.

Suez Crisis (1956)

Military attack on Egypt by Britain, France, and Israel beginning on 29 October 1956. The attack followed Egypt's decision of 26 July 1956 to nationalize the Suez Canal after the withdrawal of an offer by Britain and the United States to fund the building of the Aswan Dam

Prime Minister Pearson

Introduced the Canadian Flag, Universal Health Care, won a Nobel Peace Prize

Tommy Douglas and health care

Introduced free health care in the province of Saskatchewan

Igor Gouzenko Affair

Russian cipher clerk that alerted the Canadian authorities of Russian spies

Iron Curtain Speech

Given by the former Prime Minister of Britain, Winston Churchill, in Missouri, in which he talks about the dangers of communism engulfing Europe.

Middle power foreign policy

carried out by states who, due to their past roles in international affairs and their positions, have distinctive interests in world order

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

A 1949 defense alliance initiated by the US, Canada, and 10 Western European nations

DEW Line (Distant Early Warning Line)

A string of US-built radar stations built across the Canadian Arctic during the 1950s to detect a surprise Soviet attack over the North Pole.

Maurice Richard (1921-2000)

Quebecois hockey player who was a symbol of french pride and brought the Stanley Cup to Montreal and first player to shoot 50 goals in one season

Indian Act

an Act created to regulate the lives of the First Nations of Canada

Vive le Quebec Libre

Long live free Quebec - Separatist slogan uttered by the President of France at Expo 67

Maitrez Chez Nous

Masters in our own house, slogan of the Quiet Revolution

birth control pill

became widely available and gave people more freedom in their sexual behavior. Led to the sexual revolution

Trudeaumania

rock-star popularity enjoyed by Trudeau among young people

Baby Boom

A cohort of individuals born in the United States and Canada between 1946 and 1964, which was just after World War II in a time of relative peace and prosperity. These conditions allowed for better education and job opportunities, encouraging high rates of both marriage and fertility.

Point System Immigration Policy

Immigrants enter Canada based on a number or points

Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)

A confrontation among the Soviet Union, Cuba and the United States in October 1962, during the Cold War.

FLQ Crisis

An attempt by an organized group to achieve autonomy for Quebec through violent and terrorist styled activities

Pierre Laporte

Quebec Labor Minister who was kidnapped by the FLQ on October 10, 1970- five days after James Cross was taken. He was called the "Minister of Unemployment and Assimilation" by the FLQ. He was later killed by the FLQ cell that had kidnapped him.

Sovereignty Association

a proposal by Quebec nationalists that Quebec have political independence yet retain close economic ties or association with Canada

Constitution Act 1982

The Act that made the constitution fully Canadian, added the Charter of Rights and Freedoms to the constitution, and established procedures for amending the constitution

Official Languages Act

the Act that states that French and English are Canada's official languages, and that all federal institutions must provide services in English and French

Nanavut

An Arctic territory in northern Canada created in 1999 and governed solely by the Inuit

Bill 101

The law that made French the only official language of Quebec.

Referendum (1980)

ended up with a 60% of Quebeckers who want to stay in Canada

Meech Lake accord

Constitutional Accord of 1987 which ultimately failed.

Charlottetown accord

Following the failure of the Meech lake Accord, an attempt to once again to renegotiate Confederation both within and withour Quebec.

NORAD

North American Air Defence Command, brought the defence of the U.S. and Canada to a joint command to protect against any nuclear attack from The Soviet Union

SS St. Louis

ship that left germany in may 1939 with 936 jews on board it was bound for cuba where it was denied entry from there the ship tried to enter the US and Canada but was denied returned to europe where four nations took in refugees