Substance-Related, Personality, and Developmental Disorders Final Exam Practice

A collection of 138 flashcards covering substance-related, personality, neurodevelopmental, and sleep disorders based on the lecture notes.

An individual with gambling disorder would most likely have ____ as a comorbid diagnosis.

Depression

Many in treatment for which category of disorders have suicide ideation:

Gambling disorders

Which of the following best describes family therapy for drug-related disorders:

An approach used to treat the dysfunctional systems which allowed the disorder to develop

In treating clients with substance use disorders, counselors should expect clients to have

Comorbid disorders

Substance use disorders are progressive and deadly as substances permanently alter the brain, leading to relapse and cravings. This refers to the _____ of addiction.

disease concept

Motivational interviewing for alcohol-related disorders involves which three components:

collaboration, evocation, and autonomy

In treating alcohol-related disorders, counselors must be especially aware of

Countertransference issues

One current method used to treat alcohol-related disorders is

Twelve-step facilitation

A counselor using motivational interviewing for a client with an alcohol-related disorder might have _____ as his/her main treatment goal.

Challenging the client's irrational thoughts

Which of the following best describes the social skills training approach to treating alcohol-related disorders?

An approach used to teach clients skills to resist the pressures of alcohol in social situations

Which of the following is considered an appropriate limit on client alcohol use post-treatment?

The client should commit to complete abstinence

The prognosis for alcohol-related disorders is best

Three years post-treatment

Which of the following drugs is most likely to be fatal at first use?

Inhalant-related disorders

Which of the following factors is characteristic of individuals with gambling disorder?

Poor social skills and considerable unstructured time

Which of the following best describes an approach for alcohol-related disorders that teaches controlled, moderate drinking strategies

Behavioral self-control training

One of the most significant problems associated with gambling disorders is

Financial troubles

In treating clients with gambling disorder, one prominent counselor consideration is

Gambling disorder is grossly untreated due to its secretive nature

One prominent counselor consideration for clients with drug-related disorders is

Posttraumatic stress disorder is often comorbid with drug-related disorders but not assessed

Substance abuse is often associated with

Criminal activity

Which gambling disorder treatment involves exposing clients to trigger situations and teaching coping skills?

In vivo exposure with response-prevention

In treating clients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), it is essential that counselors

Set firm boundaries so that clients feel safe

Which of the following is a common treatment approach for BPD:

Dialectical behavior therapy

Clients with BPD usually require

Long-term, intensive psychosocial therapy

Which of the following is a prominent counselor consideration in treating clients with BPD:

Clients with BPD have extremely high rates of suicide attempt

In order to be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder, a client must display a blatant disregard for others and

Have been diagnosed with conduct disorder with onset before the age of $15$

Individuals with antisocial personality disorder generally

Try to impress others

Clients with antisocial personality disorder are often court-mandated and

Internally unmotivated to change

A counselor using mentalization-based therapy for a client with antisocial personality disorder might have _____ as his/her mail treatment goal:

Increasing the client's ability to control emotions and reactions to emotions

Which of the following is the most evidence-based approach for antisocial personality disorder?

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

In treating clients with antisocial personality disorder, one prominent counselor consideration is:

Clients may have great difficulty interpreting others' motives

A counselor using schema-based therapy for a client with antisocial personality disorder might have _____ as his/her mail treatment goal:

Reconstructing client's maladaptive relationship patterns and teaching coping skills

In treating clients with narcissistic personality disorder, one prominent counselor consideration is:

Clients may be manipulative and experts at deceiving themselves

Which of the following is considered fundamental to counseling outcomes in clients with obsessive compulsive personality disorder?

Early establishment of the therapeutic alliance

Treating clients with narcissistic personality disorder from a cognitive-behavioral perspective is focused on

Reconstructing thoughts of inferiority at the root of narcissistic behavior

In treating clients with obsessive compulsive personality disorder, counselors must be especially mindful of client tendency to

Avoid discussing emotional information and dispute the counselor

In treating clients with schizoid personality disorder, it is especially important that counselors ______ due to clients' social detachment.

Establish trust

Which of the following is a commonly used treatment for clients with avoidant personality disorder?

Systematic desensitization

______ is an effective treatment approach for clients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder due to its concrete and problem-focused, rather than intuitive, nature.

Dialectical behavior therapy

Individuals with paranoid personality disorder

Are aware of reality and their irrational thoughts

A client who has a need to be the center of attention and is excessively emotional may meet the diagnostic criteria for

Histrionic personality disorder

In treating clients with schizotypal personality disorder, one prominent counselor consideration is that

Counselors should avoid too much self-exploration in the early stages of treatment

______ therapy for histrionic personality disorder involves bringing awareness to and correcting clients' problematic behaviors in session.

Functional analytic psychotherapy

In the psychodynamic approach to treating clients with dependent personality disorder, counselors work with clients to

Revisit and resolve past relationships through transference in treatment

Rebecca becomes very angry when her counselor asks confrontational questions surrounding Rebecca's romantic relationship with her boss. The counselor may want to consider further investigation of which psychotic-related disorder?

Delusional disorder

Which of the following best represents an example of a negative symptom in psychosis?

Poverty of speech

Which of the following does not best represent a key symptom of psychosis?

Mood

A counselor recommends social skills training for a client diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which best describes the focus of a social skills training intervention?

Learning appropriate behavior and communication

Which of the following best represents an example of a positive symptom in psychosis?

Disorganized behavior

Roberto is diagnosed with delusional disorder. He reports multiple incidents at work in which his coworkers have tried to steal his clients. Which subtype of delusional disorder best represents Roberto's presenting symptoms?

Persecutory

Which of the following medications would not likely be prescribed to alleviate psychotic symptoms?

Buspar

Treatment for schizoaffective disorder may include:

Antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and hospitalization

For the past month, Tim has been experiencing delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech. Based on these symptoms, which diagnosis would you give to Tim?

Schizophreniform disorder

After a series of distressful events, Maria requires inpatient hospitalization to stabilize the sudden onset of hallucinations and delusions. After two weeks Maria no longer experiences psychosis. Which represents the potential diagnosis?

Brief psychotic disorder

Caroline presents to counseling with minimal impact to her social or occupational functioning. Her continued presenting problem is that her partner is having an affair. Which disorder best represents her presentation?

Delusional disorder

Taylor reports her stomach is porous therefore she will not drink any liquids and only eat bread products. Which of the following best categorizes her presenting symptom?

Delusion

Gus presents with delusions and hallucinations. The counselor may consider which disorder(s) during assessment:

Psychotic disorders, factious disorder, and substance induced disorders

Marta consistently references monkelos during her counseling session, which she describes as evil creatures hiding in walls. Marta is presenting with which of the following positive symptoms?

Neologism

Juan is diagnosed with schizophrenia. He has difficulty maintaining personal hygiene and completing household tasks. Which of the following best categorizes his symptoms?

Avolition

Theo received inpatient hospitalization three times for symptoms of psychosis. After four months, he stabilizes and no longer presents with a constellation of symptoms. Which diagnosis represents Theo?

Schizophreniform disorder

Which of the following indicate a potential for poorer prognosis with psychotic disorders?

Negative symptoms

Which of the following is not a pillar of treatment for schizophrenia?

Insight-oriented counseling

Attention to immediate safety and environmental structuring is most important during which phase of the treatment process for psychotic disorders?

Acute

Medications used to treat bulimia nervosa include

SSRI's, antidepressants, and topiramate

Restricting type anorexia can be described as

Losing weight through dieting and sometimes exercise

Family treatment is especially important in which of the following disorders:

Anorexia

The following are components of cognitive behavioral therapy in treating anorexia

Documenting food intake, finding alternatives to ED behaviors, and correcting faulty cognitions

The first step in dialectical behavior therapy for bulimia is

Targeting life-threatening behaviors

Binge eating disorder differs from regular over-eating in that

Individuals feel a loss of control over their behavior

Pica involves

The consumption of non-food substances

Pica is most common among

Individuals with a developmental or intellectual disability

Rumination disorder involves

Repeated regurgitation of swallowed or partially digested food

Contingency management in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder involves

Evaluating antecedents and consequences to target problem behavior

In rumination disorder, aversive techniques and positive reinforcement involves

Pairing unpleasant stimuli with regurgitation and positive stimuli with reduction in regurgitation

One potential cause of rumination disorder in children includes:

Poor parent-child relations

Environmental restructuring in pica treatment involves

Closely monitoring the environment and removing non-food items

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder involves

Refusing to eat certain foods based on sensory characteristics

Which treatment for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder involves reinforcing desired behaviors and gradually introducing the child to new eating habits?

Shaping

Satiation in rumination disorder involves

Oral stimulation

Which of the following is involved in behavioral management in treating pica disorder?

Positive reinforcement

Binge eating disorder is most common among which group:

Women

How old must a client be to have a diagnosis of enuresis?

$5$ years old

How old must a client be to have a diagnosis of encopresis?

$4$ years old

The most effective way to treat nocturnal enuresis is:

enuresis alarm

A nutritional change that might help treat encopresis is:

addition of fiber

The most effective and accessible behavioral reinforcer is:

verbal praise

Counselors working with encopresis without constipation and overflow incontinence should:

assess for conduct disorder

Children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)

have low frustration tolerance

Counselor working with ODD should

identify client strengths

School interventions for clients with ODD

should involve clients' teachers and peers

Clients with conduct disorder (CD)

often harm themselves or others

Childhood onset of CD is characterized by onset of symptoms before the age of

$$10$$

For clients with CD, structure within the home environment

should be emphasized by the counselor

Clients with intermittent explosive disorder

are otherwise well-adjusted people

Individuals with pyromania

set fires to relieve their own unwanted feelings

Individuals with kleptomania are motivated to steal

for personal satisfaction

Individuals with kleptomania are typically

relieved after committing an act of stealing

Treatment for kleptomania

includes cognitive behavioral interventions

The prognosis on encopresis

is challenging

When working with enuresis and encopresis, counselors should always

rule out general medical conditions

Parents of children with ODD

can unknowingly reinforce their child's behavior