LAB #11: THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

A set of flashcards covering key concepts related to the nervous system, including its structure, functions, and cell types.

What are the two major divisions of the nervous system?

Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

What are the functions of neurons and neuroglial cells?

Neurons conduct nerve impulses; neuroglial cells support the nervous system.

What are the three types of neurons?

Unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons.

What is the primary characteristic of white matter in the nervous system?

White matter contains highly myelinated nerve cells.

What causes the white color in white matter?

A high concentration of lipids in myelin sheaths surrounding axons.

What is grey matter composed of?

Grey matter contains unmyelinated neurons.

What role do astrocytes play in the nervous system?

They wrap around neurons and create the blood-brain barrier.

What is the function of microglial cells?

They act as immune response cells and are phagocytic.

Where are oligodendrocytes found and what is their function?

Found in the CNS, they insulate axons of neurons by forming myelin sheaths.

What do Schwann cells do in the PNS?

They produce myelin.

What are the main functions of the 12 cranial nerves?

They are responsible for various sensory and motor functions in the head and neck.

What is the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) associated with?

It circulates within the brain and spinal cord, cushioning and protecting the nervous system.