COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES

solute

The substance that you dissolve, e.g., salt.

solvent

The liquid that you dissolve the substance in, e.g., water.

solution

The mixture formed when you dissolve a solute into a solvent.

soluble

Able to dissolve in a solvent.

insoluble

Unable to dissolve in a solvent.

dissolve

The process of mixing the solute with the solvent to give a clear solution.

dilute

Few particles of a solute are present in a given volume.

concentrated

Lots of particles of a solute are present in a given volume of solvent.

saturated

No more solute can dissolve in the solvent.

filtration

The process that separates soluble particles from insoluble particles in a solvent.

evaporation

The process used to remove a solute that is dissolved in a solvent by heating.

distillation

A method that separates substances based on their boiling points.

chromatography

Used to separate a mixture of coloured liquids such as inks.

hydrogen (H2)

The first element on the periodic table and the most abundant element in the universe.

diatomic elements

Elements that appear in pairs: H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2.

oxygen (O2)

A major part of Earth's crust, essential for combustion and respiration.

carbon dioxide (CO2)

Essential for life, as plants use it in photosynthesis; also used in fire extinguishers.