1.1: Anatomy and Physiology Defined
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24 Terms
Anatomy
The study of the structure and relationship of the human body
Gross Anatomy
The study of larger body structures without the aid of magnification
Surface Anatomy
The study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface, such as bones, muscles, and vessels
Regional Anatomy
The study of regions of the body, such as the head, chest, and limbs
Systematic Anatomy
The study of the bodily functional system in the body, such as the nervous, muscular, and cardiovascular systems
Microscopic Anatomy
The study of smaller body structures with the aid of magnification
Cytology
The study of the microscopic cellular structure, function, and pathology of cells
Histology
The study of the microscopic structure and functions of tissues
Physiology
The study of the functions of the body structures
Complementarity of Structure and Function
Anatomy and physiology are inseparable; function always reflects structure
Developmental Biology
The growth and development of an individual from fertilization to death.
Embryology
The earliest stage of development; the first eight weeks of growth and development
Imaging Anatomy
Internal body structures that can be visualized with techniques such as x-rays, MRI, CT scans, and other technologies for clinical analysis and medical intervention.
Clinical Anatomy
The application of anatomy to health-related science, such as diagnosis and treatment
Pathological Anatomy
The study of structural changes caused by disease
Molecular Physiology
Functions of individual molecules such as proteins and DNA
Neurophysiology
Functional properties of nerve cells
Endocrinology
Hormones and how they control body functions
Cardiovascular Physiology
Functions of the heart and blood vessels
Immunology
The body's defenses against disease-causing agents.
Respiratory Physiology
Functions of the air passageways and lungs
Renal Physiology
Functions of the kidneys
Exercise Physiology
Changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular activity
Pathophysiology
Functional changes associated with disease and aging