Anatomy MSK - Pelvis and Anterior Posterior Gluteal Regions

ring shaped bones connecting the vertebral column to the femurs

What is the pelvic girdle?

bearing load upper body and transfers to lower body, provide attachments, protection and support

What are the primary functions of the pelvic girdle?

female:

larger and more circular

shallower

hip bones flare wider

sacrum shorter

pubic arch is more rounded

What are the differences between male and female pelvis?

defecation

urination

sexual pleasure

visceral support

What do the muscles of the pelvic floor do?

PSIS

What is 1?

PIIS

What is 2?

Greater sciatic notch

What is 3?

ischial spine

What is 4?

lesser sciatic notch

What is 5?

ischial tuberosity

What is 6?

Acetabulum

What is 7?

Ramus of ischium

What is 8?

greater trochanter

What is 1?

intertrochanteric crest

What is 2?

lesser trochanter

What is 3?

gluteal tuberosity

What is 4?

linea aspera

What is 5?

Quadrate tubercle

What is 6?

125 degrees

What is a normal angle of inclination?

coxa valga

What is it called if the angle of inclination is greater than 125 degrees?

coxa vara

What is it called if the angle of inclination is less than 125 degrees?

angle between the femoral head and the femoral shaft

What is the angle of inclination?

On what side is the angle of inclination?

coxa vara

What does 2 show?

coxa valga

What does 3 show?

genu valgum

What does 5 show?

What does 6 show?

coxa vara

What caused genu valgum?

coxa valga

What causes genu varum

toe in posture

What does femoral anteversion cause?

toe out posture

What does femoral retroversion cause?

femoral anteversion

What does A show?

femoral retroversion

What does B show?

surfaces of sacrum and ilium

What articulates in the sacroiliac joint?

synovial joint (anterior)

syndesmosis (posterior)

What type of joint is the SI joint?

little movement

transmits weight of most of the body to the hip joints

What does the function of the SI joint?

Iliolumbar ligament

What is 1?

anterior sacroiliac ligament

What is 2?

sacrotuberous ligament

What is 3?

Sacrospinous ligament

What is 4?

pubis ligament

What is 5?

posterior sacroiliac ligament

What is 1?

sacrospinous ligament

What is 2?

Sacrotuberous ligament

What is 3?

greater sciatic foramen

What is 1?

lesser sciatic foramen

What is 2?

Obturator foramen

What is 3?

greater sciatic foramen

What is 1?

lesser sciatic foramen

What is 2?

obturator foramen

What is 3?

trochanteric bursa

separates gluteus maximus from greater trochanter

Gluteofemoral bursa

separates the iliotibial tract from superior part of proximal attachment of vastus lateralis

Ischial bursa

separates inferior part of gluteus maximus from ischial tuberosity; often absent

sitting with legs crossed

side lyingh

hip hanging (standing with sway to the side)

What positions should you avoid if you have trochanteric bursitis?

preventing contralateral hip drop

What are the actions of the gluteus medius and minimus essential to?

pelvis drop on side of raised limb

What happens in the case of gluteus medius and minimus weakness?

trendelenburg gait

What is the pelvis drop due to gluteus medius and minimus weakness called?

superior gemellus

obturator internus

inferior gemellus

What are the three parts of the triceps coxae?

bundle of nerves from L1-L4

What is the lumbar plexus?

sacral bundle

What does the lumbar plexus merge into?

obturator nerve

femoral nerve

lumbosacral nerve

What are the branches of the lumbar plexus?

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

innervates hip abductors and obturator externus

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

innervates hip flexors and knee extensors

Lumbosacral trunk (L4, L5)

travels along the wing of the sacrum and descends into the pelvis to contribute to the sacral plexus

ventral rami of L4-S4 and lumbosacral trunk (L4, L5)

What forms the sacral plexus?

anterior surface of the piriformis

Where is the sacral plexus located?

through the greater sciatic foramen

Where do most branches of the sacral plexus exit?

Superficial gluteal nerves

nerves that supply most of the skin in the gluteal region

Deep gluteal nerves

nerves that supply both skin and motor innervation in the gluteal region

sacral plexus

What are the gluteal nerves part of?

sciatic

superior gluteal

inferior gluteal

nerve to quadratus femoris

nerve to obturator internus

What are the deep gluteal nerves?

sciatic nerve

What is the largest nerve in the body?

tibial nerve

common fibular nerve

What is the sciatic nerve comprised of?

half way down the thigh

Where does the sciatic nerve split?

inferior to the piriformis

Where does the sciatic nerve normally pass?

the sciatic nerve pierces the piriformis

What happens in piriformis syndrome?

lordosis when standing

What can tight iliopsoas lead to?