Organic Chemistry functional groups, Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups

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Description and Tags

Functional groups

Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

24 Terms

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Alcohol

-OH (hydroxy group)

<p>-OH (hydroxy group)</p>
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Aldehyde

C=O (carbonyl group with hydrogen

<p>C=O (carbonyl group with hydrogen</p>
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Alkane

single bond (not functional group)

<p>single bond (not functional group)</p>
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Alkene

double bond

<p>double bond</p>
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Alkyne

triple bond

<p>triple bond</p>
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Amide

-CONH2, -CONHR, -CONR2 (Carboxamide)

<p>-CONH2, -CONHR, -CONR2 (Carboxamide)</p>
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Amine

-NH2 (amino group)

<p>-NH2 (amino group)</p>
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Arene

aromatic ring

<p>aromatic ring</p>
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Carboxylic acid

-COOH (Carboxyl)

<p>-COOH (Carboxyl)</p>
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Ester

-COOR (Carboxylate)

<p>-COOR (Carboxylate)</p>
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Ether (Glycosidic) linkage

-OR (alkoxy group)

<p>-OR (alkoxy group)</p>
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Ketone

-C=O (carbonyl group)

<p>-C=O (carbonyl group)</p>
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Aldehyde

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Halide

-F

- Cl

- Br

- I

<p>-F</p><p>- Cl</p><p>- Br</p><p>- I</p>
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hydroxyl

R-OH

<p>R-OH</p>
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Carbonyl

C=O

<p>C=O</p>
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Nitrile

C triple bond N

<p>C triple bond N</p>
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Ketone

RCOR

<p>RCOR</p>
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diol

two hydroxyl groups

<p>two hydroxyl groups</p>
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triol

Alcohol with 3 hydroxyl groups

<p>Alcohol with 3 hydroxyl groups</p>
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diene

a hydrocarbon with two double bonds

<p>a hydrocarbon with two double bonds</p>
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alkyl group

An alkane with a hydrogen atom removed, e.g. CH3, C2H5; alkyl groups are often shown as 'R'.

<p>An alkane with a hydrogen atom removed, e.g. CH3, C2H5; alkyl groups are often shown as 'R'.</p>
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oxo

A prefix occasionally used for carbonyl group (C=O) used for naming aldehydes (-al) and ketones (-one) when there is another functional group that takes priority (eg oic acids)

<p>A prefix occasionally used for carbonyl group (C=O) used for naming aldehydes (-al) and ketones (-one) when there is another functional group that takes priority (eg oic acids)</p>
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hydroxy-

Alcohol- A prefix occasionally used for the hydroxyl group (-OH) when there is another functional group that takes priority (eg oic acids)

<p>Alcohol- A prefix occasionally used for the hydroxyl group (-OH) when there is another functional group that takes priority (eg oic acids)</p>