Cardiovasular System + Drugs

ACE inhibitors

~pril

• prevents vasoconstriction and lowers BP

• SE: dry hacking cough, angioedema

• antihypertensive

Vasotec

enalapril

[ACE inhibitor]

Zestril, Prinivil

lisinopril

[ACE inhibitor]

Accupril

quinapril

[ACE inhibitor]

Altace

ramipril

[ACE inhibitor]

Lotensin

benazepril

[ACE inhibitor]

ARBs

~sartan

angiotensin receptor blockers:

• causes vasodilation

• lowers fluid retention/blood volume → lowers BP

• antihypertensive

Cozaar

losartan

[ARB]

Benicar

olmesartan

[ARB]

Diovan

valsartan

[ARB]

Beta Blockers

~olol

B1 blockers → heart

B2 blockers → lungs

Tenormin

atenolol

[beta 1 selective blocker]

Lopressor

metoprolol tartrate

[beta 1 selective blocker]

Toprol XL

metoprolol succinate

[beta 1 selective blocker]

Inderal

propanolol

[nonselective beta blocker, migraine prevention]

Bystolic

nebivolol HCL

[beta blocker, b1 selective properties]

Coreg

carvedilol

[beta blocker]

Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB)

~ipine

• prevents Ca into blood vessels and cardiac muscles

• leads to vasodilation, lowering BP

  • antihypertensive

Procardia

nifedipine

Norvasc

amlodipine

Cardizem/Cardizem CD

diltiazem

Calan or Verelan

verapamil

Lotrel

amlodipine + benazepril

Diuretics

~ide

Thiazide Diuretics

• first line tx for HTN

• increased urination = increased potassium excretion

Loop Diuretics

• potassium-depleting

K Sparing Agents

• reduces potassium loss

  • should avoid potassium and have potassium monitored

Microzide & Esidrix

hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

[thiazide diuretic]

Thalitone

chlorthalidone

[thiazide diuretic]

Dyrenium

triamterene

[potassium sparing agent]

Aldactone

spironolactone

[potassium sparing agent]

Lasix

furosemide

[loop diuretics]

Demadex

torsemide

[loop diuretics]

Dysrhythmics

antiarrhythmics

Lanoxin

digoxin

antidote is Digibind

Pacerone

amiodarone

Apresoline

hydralazine

Cardura

doxazosin mesylate

Catapress

clonidine

Nitrates

increase blood flow to the heart, and decrease heart workload

• most common is nitroglycerin, SL

  • stored in dry area in original, amber, light protected container

  • exempt from PPA laws

Nitrostat

nitroglycerin

[nitrate]

Imdur (SL use)

isosorbide dinitrate

[nitrate]

Imdur

isosorbide mononitrate

[nitrate]

Aspirin/Ecotrin

aspirin

[antiplatelet]

Plavix

clopidogrel bisulfate

[antiplatelet]

Xarelto

rivaroxaban

[anticoagulant]

Pradexa

dabigatran

[anticoagulant]

antidote is Pradaxabind

Coumadin

warfarin

[anticoagulant]

Niacor & NiaspanER

niacin

[antihyperlipidemic]

Welchol

colesevelam

[antihyperlipidemic]

Crestor

rosuvastatin

Lipitor

atorvastatin

Mevacor

lovastatin

Pravachol

pravastatin

Zocor

simvastatin

Vytorin

ezetimibe/simvastatin

Lopid

gemfibrozil

Tricor

fenofibrate

Zetia

ezetimibe