The Role of Lifestyle and Environment in Health

Flashcards covering key concepts about how lifestyle and environmental factors affect health.

Nutrients

Building blocks of life that provide energy and materials needed for growth and daily function.

Macronutrients

Nutrients needed in larger amounts, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Water

Essential for survival; regulates body temperature, aids digestion, and removes waste.

Dehydration

A state that occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in, leading to various health issues.

Carbohydrates

The body’s main energy source, providing glucose for brain, muscles, and organs.

Simple Carbohydrates

Sugars that are quickly absorbed and provide immediate energy.

Complex Carbohydrates

Starches and fibers that provide sustained energy and are digested more slowly.

Fiber

A type of carbohydrate that is not digested, promoting digestive health.

Proteins

Essential macronutrients made of amino acids necessary for muscle repair and immune function.

Essential Amino Acids

Amino acids that must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot produce them.

Complete Proteins

Proteins that contain all essential amino acids, often found in animal sources.

Incomplete Proteins

Proteins that lack one or more essential amino acids, typically derived from plant sources.

Fats

Important nutrients that provide energy storage, hormone production, and support cell membranes.

Saturated Fats

Fats that are solid at room temperature and can raise cholesterol levels.

Unsaturated Fats

Healthier fats that are liquid at room temperature and can improve heart health.

Trans Fats

Artificially created fats that are harmful to heart health and should be minimized in the diet.

Vitamins

Essential micronutrients needed for various bodily functions, classified as water-soluble or fat-soluble.

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins that dissolve in water, including B vitamins and Vitamin C.

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins that dissolve in fats, including Vitamins A, D, E, and K.

Minerals

Elements needed by the body to function properly, classified into major and trace minerals.

Major Minerals

Minerals required in large amounts, such as calcium and potassium.

Trace Minerals

Minerals needed in small amounts, like iron and zinc.

Aerobic Exercise

Physical activity that improves cardiovascular health, such as walking and swimming.

Strength Training

Exercises that build muscle mass and strength, such as weight lifting.

Osteoporosis

A condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, often preventable through exercise.

Mental Health

A person's emotional, psychological, and social well-being, affected positively by physical activity.

Environmental Health

The branch of public health focused on how environmental exposures influence health.

Stress

A response to external pressures that can negatively impact health if chronic.

Air Pollution

The presence of harmful substances in the air that can lead to respiratory issues.

Healthcare Professional's Role

To assess, educate, and advocate for healthier environments and lifestyle choices.

Preventative Healthcare

Actions taken to prevent disease and promote overall well-being.

Health Advocacy

Support for initiatives aimed at improving health outcomes in communities.