Patho - Lect 7: Nervous System

What protects the brain?

CSF which provides cushion for the brain and spinal cord.

The CSF is formed by __.

choroid plexuses of the ventricles.

What is Diencephalon?

Central portion of the brain, and contains the thalamus and hypothalamus.

What does the Thalamus do?

Relay station for incoming sensory impulses.

What does the Hypothalamus do?

Regulates body temp, fluid and food intake, regulation of sleep cycles, stress response, emotional responses, and sex drive.

What is the reticular-activating system (RAS)?

Network of nuclei and neurons throughout brainstem.

Blood Supply to the Brain

__ - supplies the frontal lobe.

Anterior cerebral artery

Blood Supply to the Brain

__ - supplies the lateral part of the cerebral hemispheres.

Middle cerebral artery

Blood Supply to the Brain

__ - Supplies branches to brainstem and cerebellum. Divides into right and left posterior cerebral arteries. Formed by vertebral arteries.

Basilar artery

Blood Supply to the Brain

Venous blood from brain collects in __ and drain into the right and left __.

dural sinuses, internal jugular veins.

What are these characteristics of:

• 31 pairs

• Named by location in the vertebral column where they emerge

• Each nerve connected to spinal cord by roots

Spinal Nerves

Spinal Nerves

Which nerve root is motor (efferent) fibers?

Ventral (anterior) root

Spinal Nerves

Which nerve root is sensory (afferent) fibers?

Dorsal (posterior) root

What are Glial cells (neuroglia)?

Supportive cells of the brain.

Neuroglia

__ - Contribute to the blood-brain barrier

Astroglia

Neuroglia

__ - Provides myelin for axons in the CNS

Oligodendroglia

Neuroglia

__ - Phagocytotic

Microglia

Neuroglia

__ - Line brain ventricles and neural tube cavity, form part of the choroid plexus

Ependymal cells