6.2.3 Polyesters and polyamides

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Last updated 4:55 PM on 3/1/26
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17 Terms

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condensation polymerisation

  • formed from reactions between monomers that contain at least 2 functional groups

  • the functional group on each each monomer react forming links between repeat units

  • a small molecule is eliminated each time a link forms

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tyes of condensation olymers

  • olyster

  • olyamides

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2 methods to form olyesters

  • dicarboxylic acid and a diol

  • one monomer with one end carboxyl other end alcohol

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polyester formation examle from benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid and ethane-1,2-diol

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2 methods to make olymadies

  • dicarboxylic acid ad diamine

  • one end cooh other end NH2

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formation of olymer examle from hexanedioic acid and 1,6-diaminohexane

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acid hydrolysis of olyesters

alcohol and carboxylic acid

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base hydrolysis of olyesters

alcohol and carboxylate salt

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acid hydrolysis of olyamides

ammonium salt and carboxylic acid

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base hydrolysis of olyamides

amine,carboxylic acid

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how to deduce the monomers that form condensation olymers

  1. Identify the amide (HN-CO) or ester (CO-O) linkage between repeat units.

  2. Cut the link in the middle to separate the polymer chain.

  3. Add an H atom or -OH group to both ends of the molecules. H atoms are added to N or O atoms, and -OH groups to C atoms

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how to draw reeat units from condensation monomers

  1. Place the structures of the two monomers side by side.

  2. Remove an H atom from one monomer (e.g., diol or diamine) and an OH group from the other (e.g., dicarboxylic acid), forming a H2O molecule as a by-product. For diacyl chlorides, remove Cl instead of OH, forming HCl.

  3. Connect the monomers through either an amide or ester linkage, depending on their functional groups.

  4. To indicate continuity in the polymer chain, remove another H atom and OH/Cl group from the opposite ends.

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monomers used addition vs condensation olymers

  • addition alkenes

  • condensation Carboxylic acids, acyl chlorides, amines, alcohols, amino acids

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olymer chain used addition vs condensation olymers

  • addition Continuous chain of carbon atoms

  • condensation Contains ester or amide bonds

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roducts formed addition vs condensation olymers

  • addition olymer only

  • condensation olymer and small molecule

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what are olyesters and olyamdies used fro

fabrics

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why are polyesters biodegradable

ester bond can be hydrolysed