Sources- Tudors

Authority

The King records, in his private diary, the events surrounding his accession to the throne.

Succession to the Crown

The Privy Council issues a final version of Henry VIII’s will shortly before his death, clarifying the line of succession.

Princess Mary's Religious Beliefs

Report to the Privy Council of the delivery of their message to Princess Mary.

Charges against the Duke of Somerset

The Privy Council’s allegations against the Duke of Somerset, after the successful suppression of the 1549 rebellions.

Imposition of the Second Prayer Book

An act of Parliament of 1552 imposes the Second Prayer Book.

Treason of Admiral Thomas Seymour

By an Act of Attainder, Parliament judges the Admiral, Thomas Seymour, to be guilty of high treason.

Edward VI's Religious Agenda

In the month of his fifteenth birthday, Edward VI sets out his own religious agenda for discussion by the Council.

Plot to Overthrow Somerset

A contemporary relates the moves by councillors and nobles in October 1549 to overthrow Lord Protector Somerset.

Conspiracy against Somerset

A contemporary living in London describes the events leading to the execution of Somerset in January 1552.

Parliament's Judgment of Somerset

Parliament discusses the charges against the Duke of Somerset, former Lord Protector. It was commonly believed the evidence was a forgery.

William Cecil's Diary Entry

A diary entry from the member of parliament William Cecil regarding Mary’s fourth parliament.

Mary's Address to the Council

Extract from a letter written from Simon Renard to Emperor Charles V.

Privy Council's Response to Mary

The Privy Council respond to Mary’s claim to the throne on the death of Edward VI.

Arrangements for Succession

A servant of the Spanish king writes from the English court about arrangements for the succession as Mary lies dying.

Anti-Catholic Sentiments

Sir John Arundell, a catholic, reports anti-Catholic sentiments expressed by Jackman and Cowlyn.

Lady Jane Dudley's Explanation

Lady Jane Dudley (formerly Grey) writes to Queen Mary I to explain the circumstances in which she was proclaimed ‘Queen Jane’ in the previous month.

Events after Jane Grey's Proclamation

A writer describes events after the proclamation of Jane Grey as Queen.

Duke of Northumberland

He was hated by Mary for subduing rebels under King Edward.

Framlingham Castle

Mary stayed there and gathered aid from the commons.

Lady Jane Grey

Proclaimed queen after King Edward's death, but Mary and the commons sided against her.

Lady Mary

Proclaimed herself queen and gathered support against Wyatt's rebels.

Crown Succession

Edward VI's "Devise for the Succession" outlined who would succeed him, excluding Mary and Elizabeth.

Queen Mary's Speech

She addresses the citizens of London, rallying their support against Wyatt's rebels.

Marriage Treaty

The treaty between Mary I and Prince Philip of Spain protected English interests.

Factional Rivalries

The Privy Council was divided into factions, causing conflicts and disagreements.

Queen Mary's Letter

Mary writes to the Privy Council, urging them to proclaim her right to the Crown.

John Knox

He expresses his opinion against female rule, stating it goes against God's will.

Queen Athaliah

A reference to Queen Athaliah, who destroyed her own kindred, kingdom, and country.

Edward's Religious Agenda

Edward sets out his religious agenda, including teaching Scriptures in schools and enforcing uniformity of doctrine.

Western Rebels' Demands

The rebels demanded the restoration of Catholic ceremonies, worship of the sacrament, and the return of images and ancient ceremonies.

Edward's Response to Rebels

Edward denies the demands of the rebels and defends the Book of Common Prayer.

Communion Service

The Eucharist service from the 1552 Second Book of Common Prayer.

Second Prayer Book

The Second Book of Common Prayer was imposed by an act of Parliament, punishing those who refused to attend parish churches.

Religious Situation in England

A German protestant reports on the lack of agreement on Christian doctrine and qualified clergymen in England.

Parliament

A legislative body that meets annually and discusses secular matters, but does not allow Church affairs to be discussed.

Edwardian Reformation

The impact of religious changes during the reign of King Edward VI, including the removal of images in churches and the introduction of Protestant practices.

Churchwardens

Individuals responsible for keeping accounts and managing church property.

Rood loft

A platform or gallery in a church where the rood (cross) was displayed.

Queen Mary

Queen Mary Tudor, who restored Roman Catholicism in England and reintroduced Latin mass and Catholic ceremonies.

Cardinal Pole

Lord Cardinal Pole, who arrived in England in November 1554 and played a significant role in the restoration of Roman Catholic services.

Protestant persecution

The enforcement of Acts of Parliament against heresy, including the burning of Protestants at the stake, causing public discontent and potential revolt.

Catholic religion

The revival of Catholic practices, such as rebuilding altars, setting up images, and using Latin in religious services, under Queen Mary's reign.

Cardinal's powers

The extent of authority granted to Cardinal Pole as legate and the need for clear and comprehensive clarification.

Protestant congregation

A secret group of Protestants in London during Queen Mary's reign, facing persecution and witnessing the burning of Protestants at Smithfield.

Enclosure commissions

Commissions set up to address unlawful enclosures of common pastures, which led to riots and rebellions due to the impact on the livelihood of the poor.

Martial law

The imposition of strict military control, including the threat of death, to suppress future riots and assemblies related to enclosure issues.

Greedy landlords

Landowners who enclosed common pastures for sheep, causing the poor to suffer and the decay of towns and communities.

Kett's rebels

Rebels in Norfolk who petitioned for the reduction of rents and the end of enclosures, prompting a response from the Privy Council.

Rents

The amount of money paid by tenants to landlords for the use of land or property.

Enclosures

The process of enclosing or fencing off land, often resulting in the loss of common land for the use of the general public.

Peasant Revolt

A widespread uprising of peasants in England in 1549, demanding various rights and reforms.

Common Land

Land that is owned collectively by a community or available for use by the general public.

Commissioners

Officials appointed to carry out specific tasks or investigations on behalf of the government.

Privy Council

A group of advisors to the monarch, responsible for making decisions on important matters of state.

Rebellion

An organized resistance or uprising against authority, often seeking political or social change.

Lady Elizabeth

Referring to Elizabeth, the daughter of Queen Mary, who was designated as the heir to the throne.

Old Religion

Referring to Catholicism, which Queen Mary sought to restore as the official religion of England.

Guildhall

A building in London used for public meetings and ceremonies, including the Queen's address to the citizens.