autism spectrum disorder

ASD = _____ disability that results in significant ____, _____, and ____ challenges

developmental, social, communication, behavior

ASD

• cause = _____ but _____ and ____ risk factors

• 1 in ____ children

• _____ 4x more likely than ____

unknown, genetic, environmental, 44, boys, girls

signs before 18 months

• poor _____ interactions

• absence of _____

• limited ____ or _____ communication gestures

• difficulty with _____ play

• repetitive or _____ behaviors

social, sharing, emotional, descriptive, pretend, stereotyped

neurologic abnormalities

• decreased _____ thickness

• decreased ____ connectivity

• inflammation in the _____

may be directly related to poor ____ and ____ deficits

cortical, white matter, glia

correlational findings with ASD

• altered ____ neurons

• _____ factors

• _____ exposure to certain medications

• _____ age

• _____ deficiencies

mirror, environmental, prenatal, parental, nutritional

Dx of ASD must have deficits in ______ and ______

communication and social interaction, restricted/repetitive patterns of behavior

one main area of Dx for autism - deficits in communication and social interaction

• ____ and ____ communication

• ______

verbal, non-verbal, sharing

one main area of Dx for autism - restricted or reptitive patterns of behavior

• _____, rocking

• _____ up toys

• altered behavior _____

• _____ processing

flapping, lining, regulation, sensory

DSM also states that symptoms must

• cause ____ impairment

• be present in _____

• not be better described by _____

functional, early childhood, another condition

ASD level 1 =

requiring support

ASD level 2 =

requiring substantial support

ASD level 3 =

requiring very substantial support

additional features of ASD

• _____ deficits

• self ____ behaviors

• anxiety, _____

• delays in ____, especially without ____

motor, injurious, depression, ADLs, ID

screening tool for ASD in younger kids

MCHAT

screening tool for ASD in older kids

STAT

diagnostic team members = (3)

psychologist, psychatrist, developmental pediatrician

systems review

• ____/____ preferences

• behaviors

• check ____, neuro, ____, cardio, ____, integumentary

• ____, hearing, ____

communication, toy, msk, sensory, pulmonary, GI, vision

increased gross motor scores = increased _____, high demand ____, and ____ skills

social interactions, leisure, self care

body structure and function exam

• ____, rom, balance, ____

• ____ processing

strength, muscle tone, sensory

common for ____, _____, _____ to be tight

gastroc, hamstrings, hip flexors

considerations for tx

• _____ approach

• _____ and ____ of the child and family

• family _____

• ____ and _____

• _____ dependent

team, strength, needs, preferences, routines, activities, setting

best practice for interventions

• ____ based

• natural ____ for learning

• ____ based

team, context, interests

common characteristics of effective intervention

• ____ intervention

• ____ involvement

• individualized _____

• ____ interventions

• ____/_____ environments

• ____ approach to behavior

early, family, programming, systematic, structured, predictable, functional

typically transitions are difficult

• use ____ timer

• ____ warnings

• ____ schedule

visual, verbal, visual

PT interventions

• exercise - _____ and ____ training, ____ riding, ____

• ____ environment is better than ____

• swimming - like to ____, ____ it into therapy

• telehealth - learning in ____ environment

aerobic, weight, bike, jogging, closed, group interventions, splash, structure, natural

5 factors that help determine services

• intensity - ____ of engagement

• _____ of intervention delivery

• ____ validity of outcomes

• comprehensiveness of ____

• _____ decision making

number of hours, fidelity, social, interventions, data-based

____-____x more likely to experience social isolation compared to young adults with ID, ED, or LD

3, 14