evr- waste management

Waste

Unwanted material or substance that results from a human activity or process.

1. Municipal solid waste 2. Industrial waste 3. Hazardous waste

Types of Waste

Municipal solid waste (MSW)

generated in our homes, institutions and small business- Garbage/trash

E-waste

a form of municipal solid waste; the fastest growing part of the waste stream

Industrial waste

generated by businesses from an industrial or manufacturing process

Scrap metal • Plastics • Paper • Sludge • Construction waste • Farm waste • Factory waste • Wastewater

Examples of industrial waste

Biodegradable waste, Recyclable waste, Non-recyclable waste, Electronic waste. Inert waste, Biomedical waste

Examples of Municipal solid waste

Hazardous waste

toxic, chemically reactive, flammable, or corrosive (cleaning agents, paints, pesticides)

Corrosive

Can damage or destroy metals

Reactive

Chemically unstable; can explode or produce fumes when combined with water

Industries produce the most hazardous waste, but it is usually highly regulated.Household hazardous waste is unregulated.

Do households or industries produce the most hazardous waste? Which is highly regulated and which isn’t?

Heavy metals and organic compounds

What are the two worst types of hazardous waste?

Hazardous Waste

Uncontrolled dumping can pollute soil and waters

Solid-Waste Management

A problem in many parts of the world (proper disposal, adequate disposable sites, resources, technology)

Sanitary Landfills

Designed to concentrate and contain waste without creating a nuisance or hazard to public health or safety

Leachate

Produced when waste comes into contact with water

pollution of groundwater or surface water

The most significant hazard from a sanitary landfill is

Open Dump

Disposal practice located wherever land is available, without regard to safety, health hazards, or aesthetic degradation

Methane

Organic waste decomposes where there is no oxygen and produces methane. Highly flammable gas and pumped out of landfills and used for fuel

Waste to energy (WTE)

facilities that use heat from furnaces to boil water. Steam turns turbines and generator. High expense.

Incineration

A controlled process of burning mixed solid waste at extremely high temperatures that reduces volume of waste by 90%, but can create toxic chemicals and new chemical compounds

Ocean Dumping

Dumping waste into oceans, resulting in contaminated marine organisms can transmit toxic elements or diseases to people who consume them, pollution of beaches and harbors, economic loss

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Repair

Dominant concept in current waste management; has the ultimate objective of source reduction (minimize waste and its source)

Composting (Re-use)

The conversion of organic waste into mulch or humus by encouraging natural processes of decomposition

Recycling

Process of converting waste materials into reusable objects to prevent waste of potentially useful materials

materials recovery facilities (MRFs)

Facilities where workers prepare recyclable material for processing