Final Review: Chinese History, Language, and Culture

Comprehensive vocabulary and cultural flashcards covering Chinese dynasties, daily life interactions, traditional holidays, and mythology based on the Integrated Chinese curriculum and history notes.

夏 (Xià) Dynasty

The mythological first dynasty of China.

商 (Shāng) Dynasty

Known for bronze artifacts and shell bone writing.

周 (Zhōu) Dynasty

Lasted 800 years and was the era of the great philosophers.

秦 (Qín) Dynasty

Led by Emperor QinShiHuang, who united China, standardized the language and money, and built the Great Wall and the Soldier Horse tomb.

汉 (Hàn) Dynasty

Known for the Silk Road and the establishment of Confucian Thought.

唐 (Táng) Dynasty

Famous for its poets.

宋 (Sòng) Dynasty

The era of the Four Great Inventions.

元 (Yuán) Dynasty

The period when the Mongols invaded China.

明 (Míng) Dynasty

Founded by a poor orphan who became Emperor; noted for building the Great Wall (Chángchéng), the Temple of Heaven (Tiāntán), and the Forbidden City (Gùgōng).

清 (Qīng) Dynasty

The era of the Opium Wars and the end of the dynastic system.

住在校内 (zhù zài xiàonèi)

Living on campus; described as 安全 (ānquán) safe and 方便 (fāngbiàn) convenient.

住在校外 (zhù zài xiàowài)

Living off campus; provides 自由 (zìyóu) freedom and helps 省钱 (shěngqián) save money.

选课 (xuǎnkè)

Choosing classes.

门 (mén)

Measure word for academic courses.

对我来说 (duìwǒláishuō)

In my opinion / as for me.

除了…以外 (chúlè… yǐwài)

Aside from / in addition to.

受不了 (shōubù liǎo)

Unbearable / cannot stand.

清蒸鱼 (Qīngzhēng yú)

Steamed fish.

菠菜豆腐汤 (bōcài dòufu tāng)

Spinach tofu soup.

芥兰牛肉 (jiè lán niúròu)

Broccoli beef.

日用品 (rìyòngpǐn)

Daily necessities, such as 卫生纸 (toilet paper), 毛巾 (towel), 洗衣粉 (laundry powder), and 牙膏 (toothpaste).

名牌 (míngpái)

Designer brand.

非…不可 (fēi… bùkě)

A grammar pattern meaning 'must' or 'insist on'.

信用卡 (xìnyòngkǎ)

Credit card.

借记卡 (jièjìkǎ)

Debit card.

刷卡 (shuākǎ)

To swipe a card.

购物车 (gòuwùchē)

Shopping cart.

学开车 (xué kāichē)

Learning to drive.

驾照 (jiàzhào)

Driver's license.

合法 (héfǎ) vs. 非法 (fēifǎ)

Legal vs. illegal.

National Day of the PRC

October 1, 1949.

牡丹花儿 (mǔdān huāer)

The peony flower, the flower of China.

公鸡 (gōngjī)

Rooster; the shape that the map of China resembles.

黄河 (Huánghé)

The Yellow River, located in the 北方 (běifāng) North.

长江 (Chángjiāng)

The Yangtze River, located in the 南方 (nánfāng) South.

盘古开天辟地 (Pángǔ kāitiānpìdì)

The mythology of Pangu opening the heavens and the earth.

女娲造人 (Nǚwā zàorén)

The mythology of Nvwa creating people.

嫦娥奔月 (Chángé bēnyuè)

The mythology of ChangE flying to the moon.

神农尝百草 (shénnóng cháng bǎicǎo)

The story of the Holy Farmer tasting 100 herbs.

玉皇大帝 (yùhuáng dàdì)

The Jade Emperor.

中秋节 (Zhōngqiūjié)

Mid-Autumn Moon Festival, where people eat 月饼 (yuèbǐng/mooncakes).

春节 (Chūnjié)

Spring Festival, where people eat 饺子 (jiǎozi/dumplings), set off 鞭炮 (biànpào/firecrackers), and watch 烟花 (yānhuā/fireworks).

端午节 (duǎnwǔjié)

Dragon Boat Festival, where people eat 粽子 (zongzi).

Famous Chinese Philosophers

Kongzi (孔子), Laozi (老子), Sunzi (孙子), and Mengzi (孟子).

Famous Tang Poets

Li Bai (李白), Du Fu (杜甫), and Wang Wei (王维).

毛泽东 (Máo Zédōng)

The founder of the PRC in 1949 and also a poet.

简体 (jiăntī) vs. 繁体 (fántǐ)

Simplified characters vs. Traditional characters.