WH Finals Study Guide

al Aziz ibn Saud

founder and first monarch of the modern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

qing

last imperial dynasty of China

Sun Yat-sen

nationalist leader who helped overthrow the Qing Dynasty and served as the first provisional president of the Republic of China.

Nationalism, Democracy, Livlihood

Sun’s 3 Principles

Yuan Shikai

first official president of the Republic of China

general, president, Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen stepped down.

Yuan Shikai, A powerful _____ who became the first official ____ of the ________ after _____ ______ ______.

betrayed, himself as emperor, instability

Yuan Shikai _____ the republic by attempting to restore the monarchy with ____ ____ ______, plunging China into _______.

warlordism

A period in China (1916–1928) following the death of Yuan Shikai where central authority collapsed, and control of the country was fractured among regional military leaders

May Fourth Movement

An intellectual and political protest movement in China

Treaty of Versailles

May fourth movement was sparked by anger over ________

german, China, japan

the treaty of Versailles gave _____ territories in ____ to ____ instead of returning them.

nationalism, marxism

May fourth movement catalyzed Chinese _______ and ______

kuomintang

who fought to unify China against warlords and later fought the Chinese Communist Party. .

nationalist party, Sun Yat-sen, Jiang Jieshi

Kuomintang (Nationalists): The Chinese______ ______ (KMT), founded by ___ ______, later led by ____ _____

Chinese Communist Party

political party rooted in Marxist-Leninist ideology

Chinese Communist Party

____ was led by Mao Zedong,

Chinese Communist Party

sought to lead a peasant-backed revolution in China;

Northern Expedition

A military campaign (1926–1928) led by Jiang Jieshi and a temporary alliance of the Kuomintang and CCP to defeat the regional warlords and unify China under a National government.

Jiang Jieshi, temporary alliance, kuomintang, CCP, warlords, nationalist

Northern Expedition: A military campaign (1926–1928) led by______ and a _____ _____ of the ______ and ______ to defeat the regional ______ and unify China under a _______ government.

Reza Shah Pahlavi

Iranian leader who modernized and secularized Iran.

shari’a law

Islamic law body regulating public and private life

rowlatt acts

British laws allowing imprisonment of protestors without trial.

salt march

Mohandas Gandhi-led nonviolent protest against British salt monopoly.

Shanghai Coup

purge of communists by Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalists

Sun Yat-sen

Nationalist leader known as the father of modern China

warlordism

period (1916–1928) when regional military factions controlled divided China.

Powerful general who became president, then tried declaring himself emperor.

Yuan Shikai

Sykes-Picot Agreement

secret 1916 pact between Great Britain and France that planned the division of the Ottoman Empire's Arab provinces after World War I

Russia/Soviet Union

which foreign country assisted in northern expedition?

amritsar massacre

in response to which event did Indians gain nationalism?

mahatma

what word meant “great soul” (ghandi’s nickname)

Balfour declaration

what document promised British support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine?

Qing dynasty, Sun Yat-sen

which dynasty was overthrown in China, who overthrew it?

Jiang Jieshi

who did sun Yat-sen give power to?

jiang jieshi and yuan shikai

the general’s ____ and ____

Saudi Arabia

which country did not modernize and kept shari’a law

Jinnah

Who was the leader of the Muslim league?

May 4th Movement

in response to treaty of Versailles, Chinese people turn to communism?

Ghandi

who was the leader of India’s independence movement?

mao zedong

leader of CCP after long march?

shanghai massacre

in which event did jieng jieshi, betray the Communist party?

mandates

what did the British and french take from Ottoman empire because of the Sykes-Picot Agreement?

Turkye

which new country was secular and gave women the right to vote?

communists

which group was forced to go on the long march?

japan

what countries invasion of China caused Chinese civil war?

Jiang Jieshi

after Sun’s death who was the leader of nationalists party?

iraq

this country changed its name from persia?

farsi

people from Iraq usually speak __

civil disobedience

active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders, or commands of a government

3 reasons!

why is China ripe for revolution?

explain !

Explain civil disobedience.  How did Gandhi effectively use it?

explain!

1. Explain how WWI shaped the creation of 1) communist China, 2) independent India, and 3) the modern Middle East?  Explain using several examples 

Gavrilo Princip

• Who shot archduke franz ferdinand? 

The Black Hand

____ was a secret Serbian military society formed in 1911, aiming to unify all Serbian-populated territories through terrorism, sabotage, and political murder. Led by Apis, the group aimed to liberate Slavs from Austro-Hungarian rule, culminating in the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914

triple alliance

Germany, Italy, Austria Hungary?

France, Russia, GB, Italy, US

allied powers

sarajevo, bosnia

Heir to austria throne shot, what city?

battle of somme

first battle to use tanks

1st battle of the marne

what battle ruined schlieffen plan?

Germany

Who had most complaints at paris peace conference?

Unrestricted sub warfare

Germany’s policy of sinking any ship, any where, any time.

plain folks

The propaganda strategy which appeals to the average person.

11/11/18

when was the arm stice signed to end ww1?

balkan peninsula

known as powder keg of ww1?

armstice

__ brought WWI to an end, signed on 11/11/18

Schlieffen Plan

germany’s plan to destroy France and move toward Russia

1st battle of the marne, two front war

____ ruined Schlieffen Plan by forcing a _______ _____ ____

nationalism

excessive pride in your country or desire for your own country

new countries, devastation of european land, loss of generation, russian revolution

4 short term affects of ww1: (n,d,l,r)

bandwagon

the propaganda technique which encourages others to join because “everyone else is doing it”

italy

this country switched sides after the war started?

triple alliance, neutral, allied power

Italy started war as a ______→ then became ______ → then became ____

mandates

Territories administered by gb and france in the name of the league of nations.

Gallipoli

Open supply line to russia, take constantanople? - what campaigns goals?

Dardanelles operation

): A naval bombardment of Ottoman forts (beginning Feb 19, 1915) aimed at breaking through to Constantinople, led by British and French ships. It failed after heavy losses on March 18, 1915, to mines and shore batteries.

June 28th, 1914

when was Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife assassinated

Article 231

_____ of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, often known as the "War Guilt Clause," forced Germany to accept full responsibility for causing all loss and damage during World War I

war guilt clause

syn for article 231 =

Paris Peace Conference

he formal meeting of the victorious Allied powers following the end of World War I to set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers

U.S- Wilson, G.B - George, Clemenceau - France, Orlando - Italy

what countries were part of paris peace conference? (big four)

treaty of versailles, league of nations

2 main outcomes of Paris peace conferance:

lucitania

the sinking of this ship helped draw the US into war?

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

his assassination touched off the conflict in europe?

Gavrilo Princip

member of the black hand who killed arch duke ferdinand

14 point plan

wilsons plan for peace

legacy of bitterness and hatred, rise of totalitarian dictators, devastation of european economy

long term effects of Europe? (l,r,d)

british empire

Which empire not destroyed by ww1 

soviet union

eastern front closest to:

france

western front closest to:

1st battle of the marne

2 front war, germany gets stuck

1st battle of the marne

• Most important battle of ww1

cardstacking

Presents only information that is positive

• Omits anything negative

glistening generalities

Linked to highly valued concepts; uses key words

• When these words are used, they demand approval without thinking, simply because such an important concept is involved.

name calling

Use of derogatory language or words that carry a negative connotation when describing an enemy.

• Attempts to arouse prejudice among the public by labeling the target something that the public dislikes.

plain folks

Attempt to convince the public that the views reflect those of the common person and that they are also working for the benefit

of the common person.

• Uses specific idioms or jokes.

• Usually most effective when used with glittering generalities, in an attempt to convince the public that the propagandist views

about highly valued ideas are similar to their own and therefore more valid.

testimonials

Quotations or endorsements, in or out of context, which attempt to connect a famous or respectable person with a product or

item.

• Often used with transfer

transfer

An attempt to make the subject view a certain item in the same way as they view another item, to link the two in the subjects

mind.

• Often used to transfer negative feelings for one object to another, it can also be used in positive ways.

• In politics, transfer is most often used to transfer blame or bad feelings from one politician to another of his friends or party

members, or even to the party itself.

Italy, Austria-Hungary, Germany

Which countries were part of the “central powers”? Initially.

trench warfare

• Miles of parallel trenches for protection against enemy fire

• Traded huge losses of human life for small land gains

• “living hell” & “terrain of death”