Science 9 Q1-W1: Laws of Motion

Flashcards covering Newton's three laws of motion, including definitions, units, and formulas based on the Science 9 lecture.

Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion; the greater the mass, the greater the inertia.

Law of Inertia (Newton's First Law of Motion)

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force.

Net force

The total force acting on an object.

Equilibrium

A condition where the net force is zero; the object's velocity is constant.

Motion

The change in position of an object with respect to time and a reference point.

Constant velocity

A state that means either no movement or being equal in speed and direction.

Law of Force/Acceleration

The acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on it and its mass.

$$F = ma$$

The formula for force where $F$ is force ($newton$), $m$ is mass ($kg$), and $a$ is acceleration ($m/s^{2}$).

Force

A push or pull represented in newtons.

Mass

The amount of matter represented in $kg$.

Acceleration

The change in velocity represented in $m/s^{2}$, which can be a change in speed, direction, or both.

Balanced force

A condition where the net force is $0$ and there is no change in motion or acceleration.

Unbalanced force

A condition where the net force is not $0$, resulting in a change in motion and acceleration.

$$a = \frac{f}{m}$$

The combined relationship showing that acceleration depends on the strength of force and the mass of the object.

Law of Action/Reaction

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction; forces always come in pairs.