A Level Biology Water
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34 Terms
Is water important for cells?
Yes water is a major component of cells
How much of the human body does water take up?
60-70% of the human body
Why is water so important?
It has several properties that are important in biology.
Where life evolved was water absent or abundant?
Life evolved in an environment where water was abundant
Describe the importance of water!
-Water is one of the most useful molecules for life
-It acts as a reactant in cells
-Water provides structural support in cells
-Water keeps organisms cool to maintain an optimum body temperature
What are the 5 properties of water?
The five properties of water are
cohesive properties
-high specific heat capacity
useful as a solvent
Metabolic importance
Heat of vaporisation
Which two reactions is water used?
Hydrolysis and Photosynthesis
What are the elements in water?
Hydrogen and oxygen
How many hydrogen and oxygen atoms are present in water?
2 Hydrogen atoms
1 Oxygen atom
What type of molecule is water?
A polar molecule
What is the type of charge in an oxygen atom in the H2O structure?
Slightly negative
What is the type of charge in the hydrogen atom in the H2O structure?
Slightly positive
What does the polarity of water molecules mean?
a hydrogen atom on one water molecule is attracted to the oxygen atom on another water molecule
With the polarity of water molecules, What type of attraction or bond is present?
Hydrogen bonding
Define specific heat capacity!
The amount of heat one gram of a substance must absorb or lose to change its temperature by 1 degree Celsius
Does water have a high or low specific heat capacity?
High
Why is it good thatwater has a high specific heat capacity?
Because it takes longer amount of time for water to heat and cool
What type of animals is water used by?
warm blooded animals
What is the high heat of vapourisation?
The amount of energy needed to change 1KG of a liquid substance to a gas.
As water heats up what happens that makes it harder for water to become a gas?
As liquid water heats up the hydrogen bonding makes it difficult for the water molecules to separate from each other
Does water need little or a lot of energy to evaporate?
A LOT of energy
What is used up when water evaporates?
Energy
What happens to the environment when water is evaporated?
The environment or the space around the evaporation activity cools down.
What does sweating do?
Help with body temperature regulation
What is a solvent?
A substance that dissolves a solute
Why is water a good solvent?
Because ions and polar molecules can easily dissolve in it
What does it mean for water if its a polar molecule?
This means that the positive end of the water molecule attracts negative ions and the negative end will attract positive ions?
What us cohesion?
The strong attraction between water molecules due to the hydrogen bonds
What does cohesion produce?
Surface tension where water meets air
What do plants use cohesion to do?
Help transport water from their roots to their leaves
What 2 metabolic reactions is water formed in?
Condensation and Hydrolysis
What is reduced if the body does not have enough water?
Digestion
Why does ice float on water
Due to the lattice structure of ice it has become less dense
Define the waters property of cohesion!
The intermolecular force between water molecules