MED 121 Chapter 8: Conception, Development of Embryo, Fetus & Placenta, Pregnancy & Childbirth, Disorders of Pregnancy, Disorders of Childbirth

Dizygotic

twins from two separate zygotes

Placental

pertaining to the placenta (organ allowing metabolic interchange between the mother and fetus)

Abortion

spontaneous or induced expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus

Amnionic

pertaining to the amnion (membrane around the fetus containing amniotic fluid)

Embryo

developing organism from conception until the end of the second month

Gravida

a pregnant woman

Primigravida

first pregnancy

Umbilical

pertaining to the umbilicus or the center of the abdomen

Autolysis

self-destruction of cells by enzymes within the cells

Crowning

during childbirth, when the maximum diameter of the baby's head comes through the vulvar ring

Effacement

thinning of the cervix during labor

Episiotomy

surgical incision of the vulva

Labor

process of expulsion of the fetus

Multipara

woman who has given birth to two or more children

Postpartum

after childbirth

Primipara

woman who has given birth for the first time

Puerperium

six-week period after birth in which the uterus involutes

Congenital

present at birth, either inherited or due to an event during gestation up to the moment of birth

Ectopic

out of place, not in a normal position

Hyperemesis

excessive vomiting due to pregnancy

Malformation

failure of proper development

Oligohydramnios

too little amniotic fluid

Perinatal

around the time of birth

Preeclampsia

hypertension, edema, and proteinuria during pregnancy

Preterm

baby delivered before 37 weeks of gestation

Abruptio

placenta abruptio is the premature detachment of the placenta

Apnea

absence of spontaneous respiration

Breech

buttocks-first presentation of fetus at delivery

Meconium

the first bowel movement of the newborn

Neonatal

pertaining to the newborn infant or the newborn period

Pediatrics

medical specialty of treating children during development from birth through adolescence

Perinatal

around the time of birth

Premature

occurring before the expected time; for example, when an infant is born before weeks of gestation

Previa

anything that blocks the fetus during its birth; for example, an abnormally situated placenta, placenta previa