global studies

13th amendment

A significant constitutional amendment passed in 1865 that abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the United States, except as punishment for a crime.

14th amendment

An important constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States and ensured equal protection under the law.

15th amendment

A crucial constitutional amendment ratified in 1870 that prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude."

Jim Crow laws

State and local laws enacted in the Southern United States, primarily in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, enforcing racial segregation and disenfranchising African Americans.

“Separate but equal”

A legal doctrine established by the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that allowed racial segregation as long as the separate facilities were considered equal.

Plessy vs fergonsin

A landmark Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine, which contributed to the legal justification of Jim Crow laws.

Ida b. wells

An African American journalist and activist who led an anti-lynching campaign and co-founded the NAACP, advocating for civil rights and justice.

NAACP and there strategy

National association for advancement of colored people. strategys consist of large scale peaceful protests, campaigns, and interacting with officials to have legislation passed

W.E.B. Du bois

primary founder of NAACP,

brown vs board of education

1954, made segregation in schools unconstitutional

legal precedent

using decisions from courts before to decide how to judge some one.

Thurgood Marshall

was a civil right lawyer and the first black person on the supreme court

“all Deliberate speed”

used in brown vs board of education It mean to integrate at a speed where it wasn’t rushed

Little Rock nine

the 9 kids that got accepted into Little Rock high school

Elizabeth Eckford

one of the Little Rock nine didn’t get word of the plan and faced a mob of 400 angry white people

Daisy Bates

acted as a mentor and spokesperson for the Little Rock nine, was also a civil rights ativists, journaler, and publisher

governor Faubus

governor for arkensas defied the Supreme Court by deploying the national guard to prevent the Little Rock nine from entering the high school

president Eisenhower

president at the time, deployed troops to make sure the kids could get in he also said that the rule of mobs could not define the law