COMM 1101 ITCS FINAL EXAM

Conversational Interaction Importance

Used to regulate emotions, listen meaningfully, handle difficult situations, read nonverbal cues, communicate feelings, and create shared understanding.

Limitations of Mediated Communication

Miss microexpressions, hide leaking nonverbal behavior, lack olfacts, overreliance on facial cues.

Conversation Definition

Informal, in‑person spoken interaction exchanging ideas, information, and feelings.

Perspective Taking

Understanding the world from another person’s point of view.

Conversational Awareness

Knowing conversational rules and adjusting communication accordingly.

Contextual Awareness

Sensitivity to participants, social situation, and conversational norms.

Conversational Routines

Patterns for initiating, exiting, shifting, and managing difficult conversations.

Societal Expectations

Conversations shaped by gender, status, beliefs, and conversational style.

Gatekeeping

Admitting some people but not others into a societal group.

Standard American English

Dominant American English dialect used by most White conversationalists.

Speech and dialect

Signal identity and influence access and success.

Persuasion

Ethical attempt to influence through reasoning.

Conversational Manipulation

Attempts to fool, control, or convince someone for no benefit to them.

Lying

Concealing or distorting truth.

Minimization

Denying behavior or intent; rationalizing.

Evasion

Giving vague or irrelevant responses.

Guilt

Making someone feel responsible or at fault.

Bandwagon

Arguing that "everyone else is doing it."

Group Hate

Distaste or aversion toward group work.

Advantages of Group Work

Higher‑quality decisions, creativity, critical thinking.

Disadvantages of Group Work

Time‑consuming, premature decisions, silencing dissent, domination/withdrawal.

Small Group Definition

3–7 people with shared purpose, connection, and coordinated behavior.

Task Communication

Focused on completing the job.

Relational Communication

Focused on group climate and relationships.

Task Roles

Roles that help accomplish group goals.

Relational Roles

Roles that maintain social atmosphere.

Individual Roles

Dysfunctional roles that hinder the group.

Leadership Definition

Influence relationship with shared purpose.

Trait Theory

Leaders are born with certain qualities.

Functional Theory

Leadership behaviors can be learned and shared.

Style Theory

Leadership success depends on authoritarian, democratic, or laissez‑faire style.

Transformational Leadership

Leader empowers members, encourages innovation and cohesion.

Servant Leadership

Leader puts others’ needs first and develops their abilities.

Effective Group Practices

Equal participation, consensus, cooperative conflict, respectful communication.

Dewey Step 1

Define and delineate the problem.

Dewey Step 2

Analyze the problem.

Dewey Step 3

Identify alternative solutions.

Dewey Step 4

Evaluate proposed solutions.

Dewey Step 5

Choose the best solution.

Orientation Phase

Primary tension and uncertainty.

Conflict Phase

Secondary tension and disagreement.

Emergence Phase

Cooperative attitude appears.

Reinforcement Phase

Consensus and accomplishment.

Groupthink

Highly cohesive group prioritizes unanimity over good decisions.

Preventing Groupthink

Encourage objections, assign devil’s advocate, create multiple scenarios.

Organization Definition

Set of interactions used to accomplish individual and group goals.

Production Function

Communication that coordinates tasks.

Maintenance Function

Communication that preserves stability.

Innovation Function

Communication that creates change.

Upward Communication

Messages sent to superiors.

Downward Communication

Messages sent to subordinates.

Horizontal Communication

Messages between peers.

Organizational Culture

Shared beliefs, values, and behaviors.

Formal Structure

Official communication channels.

Informal Structure

Unspoken, spontaneous communication networks.

Organizational Climate

How members feel about the culture.

Assimilation

Process of joining, identifying with, and integrating into an organization.

Organizational Identification

When employee values overlap with organizational values.

Semantic‑Information Distance

Gap in understanding between supervisors and subordinates.

Upward Distortion

Subordinates present overly positive information to superiors.

Emotional Labor

Managing feelings to meet job expectations.

Burnout

Chronic stress causing exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficiency.

Work–Life Conflict

Difficulty balancing job and home responsibilities.

Rhetoric Definition

Art of finding available means of persuasion.

Rhetorical Critic

Informed consumer who analyzes rhetorical texts.

Inartistic Proofs

Facts, statistics, documents.

Artistic Proofs

Ethos, pathos, logos created by the speaker.

Ethos

Credibility.

Pathos

Emotion.

Logos

Logic and reasoning.

Reaffirming Cultural Values

Epideictic rhetoric reinforces cultural values.

Increasing Democratic Participation

Deliberative rhetoric shapes future decisions.

Bringing About Justice

Forensic rhetoric addresses wrongdoing.

Promoting Social Change

Rhetoric fuels social movements.

Public Sphere

Arena where deliberative decision‑making occurs.

Linear Model

One‑way model used to measure media effects.

Selective Exposure

Choosing media consistent with beliefs.

Information Gratification

Using media to learn.

Identity Gratification

Using media to reinforce personal identity.

Interaction Gratification

Using media to connect with others.

Entertainment Gratification

Using media to escape or relax.

Media Role: Social Identity

Media shapes what identities mean.

Media Role: Understanding the World

Cultivation theory—media shapes worldview.

Media Role: Interpreting Events

Media events become shared spectacles.

Media Economics

Media controlled by large corporations; political economy studies ownership and regulation.

Media Sensitivity

Choosing the appropriate medium for a message.

Interactive Media Definition

Digitally stored communication sent to one or many.

Types of Social Media

Blogs, SNS, virtual worlds, wikis, content communities, MMOs.

Media Richness Theory

Media vary in information‑carrying capacity.

Social Presence Theory

Media differ in psychological closeness.

Collapsing Contexts

Not knowing who sees your posts.

Spreadability

Ease with which content circulates.

Managing Identity Online

Controlling what information you reveal to audiences.

Anonymity

Complete removal of identity.

Pseudo‑Anonymity

False or partial identity.

Cyberbullying

Harmful online behavior amplified by anonymity.

Hyperpersonal Relationships

Online relationships that develop quickly and intensely.

Digital Divide

Inequality in access to technology.

Technocapital

Skills and resources needed to use technology.

People Most Likely to Have Access

Young/middle‑aged, educated, higher income, urban/suburban, physically abled.